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In 2008, the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE TM46 UC) presented an annual-fixed thermal energy benchmark of 240 kWh/m2/yr for university campus (UC) buildings as an attempt to reduce energy consumption in public buildings. However, the CIBSE TM46 UC benchmark fails to consider the difference between energy demand in warm and cold months, as the thermal performance of bu
The food sector is currently very inefficient due to a large amount of food waste it generates, and the volumes of water and energy used. This problem is aggravated by increasing economic costs and stricter regulations associated with the disposal and treatment of food waste, carbon emissions and wastewater discharge. Because of this, resource efficiency is key to a sustainable food system. In thi
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most economically important Allium crop. The commercial cycle of onion starts with the harvest and expect for the bulbs a conservation in bulks or in storage area at controlled temperature and relative humidity. The storage period need a particular attention because coincides with the dormancy period, when plants stop their growth, so it is very important to prolong t
Laminar burning velocity of lean hydrogen + air flames at standard conditions is still a debated topic in combustion. The existing burning velocity measurements possess a large spread due to the use of different measurement techniques and data processing approaches. The biggest uncertainty factor in these measurements comes from the necessity to perform extrapolation to the flat flame conditions,
Solar-driven reduction of water to produce hydrogen is one of the most promising ways to develop sustainable cleanenergy for the future. The challenge in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution research is to design inexpensive catalystsand construct efficient hydrogen production systems. In this thesis, different photocatalytic hydrogen productionsystems consisting of catalysts, photosensitizers and sa
A small-scale combustor was set up to analyze the combustion of natural gas and two mixtures of partially reformed natural gas. The partially reformed mixtures can be formed using biomass to feed the endothermic reforming reactions. Before combusting these mixtures in a gas turbine, experimental work was done on a primary zone combustion chamber to examine the combustor behavior when switching fro
Energy for heating and cooling purposes is essential for many industrial processes, as well as something we all rely on to provide us with warm water and a pleasant indoor climate. As much as half of all energy consumed in the EU is used for heating and cooling [1]. District heating and cooling grids are common ways in which the energy is delivered and distributed, and due to the large quantities
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is a promising method for carbon dioxide utilization and hydrogen production, converting CO2 and CH4 into syngas (H2 and CO) using catalysts. Despite its potential, industrial implementation has yet to prevail due to challenges in loss of activity of the catalyst. Carbon deposition (coking) and catalyst particle agglomeration (sintering) occurring during the DRM reac
Conventional capacity expansion planning (CEP) relies on a perfect-foresight planning horizon and linear investment optimisation, which fail to capture the non-linear dynamics of electricity markets. In the Nordics, hydro-related weather variability plays a critical role in maintaining the robustness of the power system. This paper addresses the intra-year perfect-foresight limitation in current C
Background: Co-cultures and cell immobilization have been used for retaining biomass in a bioreactor, with the aim to improve the volumetric hydrogen productivity (QH2). Caldicellulosiruptor kronotskyensis is a strong cellulolytic species that possesses tāpirin proteins for attaching on lignocellulosic materials. C. owensensis has its reputation as a biofilm former. It was investigated whether con
The reaction kinetics of hydrogen-abstraction reactions from methoxymethanol (CH3OCH2OH) by hydrogen (Ḣ) atom, hydroxyl (ȮH), hydroperoxyl (HȮ2), methyl (ĊH3) and methoxyl (CH3Ȯ) radicals, and decomposition of the related hydroxyl-methoxyl-methyl (CH3OĊHOH), hydroxymethoxyl-methyl (ĊH2OCH2OH) and methoxyl-methoxy (CH3OCH2Ȯ) radicals, have been investigated in this study through high-level ab initi
A hot-carrier solar cell aims to generate power from energetic, photoexcited, charge carriers, so called hot carriers, in order to reach higher conversion efficiencies than current solar cell technology.Creating a hot-carrier solar cell has proven challenging for two main reasons: hot carriers lose their energy very quickly, and they need to be extracted over distances of a few hundrednanometers v
Redox active cysteine residues including βCys93 are part of hemoglobin's “oxidation hotspot”. Irreversible oxidation of βCys93 ultimately leads to the collapse of the hemoglobin structure and release of heme. Human fetal hemoglobin (HbF), similarly to the adult hemoglobin (HbA), carries redox active γCys93 in the vicinity of the heme pocket. Site-directed mutagenesis has been used in this study to
