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The Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc. (RIFM) has been engaged in the generation and evaluation of safety data for fragrance materials since its inception over 45 years ago. Over time, RIFM's approach to gathering data, estimating exposure and assessing safety has evolved as the tools for risk assessment evolved. This publication is designed to update the RIFM safety assessment proce

The safety and tolerability of a mite allergoϊd subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) product was previously established. The aim of this study was to find the optimally safe and effective allergoϊd dose by evaluating several dosages in patients with house dust mites (HDM)-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) using a titrated nasal provocation test (TNPT).

The Øresund Region that connects Copenhagen metropolitan area in Denmark and Southern Sweden is an interesting example of a European cross-border collaboration. In this article, the contemporary development of the region and the place branding process is described. The aim is to increase understanding of how a complex and bi-national place brand is developed in a process of continuous change due t

Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) is the major protein constituent of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and plays a central role in phospholipid and cholesterol metabolism. This 243-residue long protein is remarkably flexible and assumes numerous lipid-dependent conformations. Consequently, definitive structural determination of lipid-free apoA-I in solution has been difficult. Using electron paramagnetic

Background: Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Although waning in incidence diphtheria can cause severe disease as in this rare Swedish case with several complications. Case presentation: A 55-year old male presented to the emergency room with severe respiratory symptoms and greyish membranes in the airways, which turned positive for C. diphtheriae. He was put on ventilator suppo

We provide an analysis of a randomly grown 2-d network which models the morphological growth of dendritic and axonal arbors. From the stochastic geometry of this model we derive a dynamic graph of potential synaptic connections. We estimate standard network parameters such as degree distribution, average shortest path length and clustering coefficient, considering all these parameters as functions

Background: The formation of the bicoid (bcd) mRNA gradient is a crucial step for Bcd protein gradient formation in Drosophila. In the past, a microtubule (MT)-based cortical network had been shown to be indispensable for bcd mRNA transport to the posterior.Results: We report the identification of a MT-binding protein CLASP/Chb as the first component associated with this cortical MT network. Since

Abstract Clinical measurements are necessary in many routine follow-ups and scientific evaluations, but the accuracy of these measurements is seldom challenged. The size of the reconstructed ear is one important parameter in the follow-up regarding patients operated on due to microtia. With the introduction of digital morphometry one was obliged to evaluate its accuracy in comparison to its analog

In hot dry climates, it is estimated that almost half the urban peak load of energy consumption is used to satisfy air-conditioning cooling demands in summer time. Since the urbanization rate in developing countries – like the case in Egypt – is rising rapidly, the pressure placed on energy resources to satisfy inhabitants’ indoor comfort requirements is consequently increasing too. This paper int

In this study a new way to produce supermacroporous protein structures was investigated. Enzyme-mediated crosslinking of gelatin or casein was performed in a partly frozen state, which yielded stable, protein-based cryogels. The reaction kinetics for the formation of cryogels were found to be fairly slow, most likely due to the low temperature (-12 °C) used or due to an increased viscosity owing t

The Anthropocene narrative portrays humanity as a species ascending to power over the rest of the Earth System. In the crucial field of climate change, this entails the attribution of fossil fuel combustion to properties acquired during human evolution, notably the ability to manipulate fire. But the fossil economy was not created nor is it upheld by humankind in general. This intervention questio

Context. X-ray extragalactic surveys are ideal laboratories for the study of the evolution and clustering of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Usually, a combination of deep and wide surveys is necessary to create a complete picture of the population. Deep X-ray surveys provide the faint population at high redshift, while wide surveys provide the rare bright sources. Nevertheless, very wide area surve

Objectives: Recent evidence from the 7-year followup of the Pediatric Osteoporosis Prevention (POP) study indicates an inverse correlation between years of participation in a physical activity (PA) intervention and fracture risk in children. However, we could not see a statistically significant reduction in fracture risk, which urged for an extension of the intervention. Setting: The study was con

An obese patient with type 2 diabetes whose diet was changed from the recommended high-carbohydrate, low-fat type to a low-carbohydrate diet showed a significant reduction in bodyweight, improved glycemic control and a reversal of a six year long decline of renal function. The reversal of the renal function was likely caused by both improved glycemic control and elimination of the patient's obesit