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In order to safely design accelerator-based research facilities, such as the European Spallation Source, shielding calculations are carried out using Monte-Carlo particle simulations. However, these calculations gain high uncertainty when large amounts of shielding are needed, due to decreasing particle statistics over distance and mass. To circumvent this issue, variance reduction methods are use
Proteases are a group of enzymes that are involved in breaking down larger proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids, and they are used in various applications. In this project, the potential of budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as host for the construction of protease libraries is evaluated. Three model proteases of bacterial origin are used to evaluate transformation efficien
Fastän folkrätten ibland kallas den globala rättsordningen, betraktas dess olika discipliner ofta enskilt. Det är därför intressant att undersöka förhållandena mellan disciplinerna, eftersom det är svårt att hävda att folkrätten är ett enskilt rättsområde om de är alltför avlägsna varandra. Syftet med detta examensarbete är därför att ge ett exempel som grund för framtida diskussioner om de inbördAlthough public international law is sometimes referred to as the global legal order, its various disciplines are often considered in isolation. It is therefore interesting to investigate the relationships between the disciplines, because if they are too distant, it may be hard to claim that public international law is a single legal order. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to provide an exa
Bilden av den traditionella kärnfamiljen som enbart ett heterosexuellt gift par med barn ifrågasätts allt mer och andra familjekonstellationer blir allt vanligare. I detta kan vi se att homosexuella personers relationer och familjer har lyfts fram mer och mer och tidigare fördomar om dessa tolereras i mindre grad. Denna förändring i attityd sker dock i olika takt runtom i Europa, vilket gör EuropaThe traditional family as a heterosexual married couple with children is a norm that is increasingly being questioned and other family constellations are getting more common. In this context the relations and families of homosexual persons are being highlighted and prejudices against them are less tolerated. This change of attitude is occurring at different rates around Europe, which renders the t
Syftet med detta arbete var att med utgångspunkt i teori rörande employer branding, personlighetsdraget extraversion och könsskillnader undersöka hur viktiga olika aspekter av employer branding anses vara. En kvantitativ studie utfördes för att undersöka detta. Datainsamling från sammanlagt 87 deltagare som alla studerar Personal- och arbetslivsfrågor vid Lunds Universitet, analyserades avseende gThe purpose of this study was to, with basis in theory regarding employer branding, the personality trait of extroversion and gender differences examine the perceived importance of different aspects of employer branding. A quantitative study that included a questionnaire was made to investigate this phenomenon. Data acquisition from a total of 87 participants, who all currently study the Human Res
Problem description: Warehouses and warehousing operations are often considered as some of the most crucial elements in a company's supply chain, and often stand for more than 20 percent of a company’s total logistics costs. The actual size of these costs are, together with most of the costs related to warehouse operations, mainly consequences of the decisions made when designing the warehouse
Att härleda ett internationellt illegalt handlande till en viss stat och hålla denna ansvarig är ett komplext problem i folkrätten. Det oklara rättsläget kompliceras ytterligare när aspekter av cyberoperationer introduceras med den snabba globala teknologiska utvecklingen. Rättsläget som det ser ut just nu är baserat på doktrin och sekundärrätt, där vikt läggs vid den tekniska bevisningen för att Attributing internationally wrongful acts to a particular State and liability is a complex problem in international law. The already unclear legal situation is further complicated when aspects of cyber operations are introduced with the rapid global technological development. To hold a State liable for the actions of non-State actors in cyberspace, we can only use secondary law and doctrine. The l
Traditionally, the role of the civil society in the EU policy-making has been week in comparison with the business associations and trade unions who are the social partners of the EU. However, this weakness forced the civil society to unite under a common network, which became to be known as Social Platform. Recently, their visibility became even stronger when the crisis hit the EU and consequentl
This study investigates isoprene emissions in a high-latitude Alpine tundra ecosystem, focusing on using near-field remote sensing of surface temperatures, the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and meteorological measurements to model these emissions. Isoprene is a key biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emitted by select plants, which c
Plant phenology plays a fundamental role in land atmosphere interactions, and its variability and variations are an indicator of climate and environmental changes. For this reason, current land surface models include phenology parameterizations and related biophysical and biogeochemical processes. In this work, the climatology of the beginning and end of the growing season, simulated by the land c
Atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is a key climatic factor that influences vegetation productivity and the global carbon cycle. With ongoing climate warming, VPD has been rising globally. However, the effects of this increase on gross primary production (GPP), especially under different driving mechanisms, remain unclear. This uncertainty limits our ability to predict terrestrial ecosystem
We present the direct stabilization of the CEP of a high-repetition rate OPCPA by employing a Stereo-ATI pulsemeter for single-shot detection and feedback to the oscillator at the full OPCPA repetition rate.
Plastic film mulching (PFM) in the cropland may alter biophysical conditions for crop growth, which may not be accounted for in existing stomatal conductance models. This can affect the accuracy of carbon–nitrogen-water cycle simulations for the soil-crop systems and hamper our understanding of internal mechanisms that control plant leaf stomatal conductance (gsw). To evaluate the simulations of P
BACKGROUND: There is rapid growth of older people in Low- and Middle- Income Countries (LMICs). The aim of this review was to assess the literature on prevalence of anxiety and depression in this demographic, which to our knowledge, has not yet been conducted.METHODS: Databases including Medline, PsychInfo, Embase, Scielo and African Journals Online were searched for terms including "mental disord
Information relating to errors in evapotranspiration (ET) products, including satellite-derived ET products, is critical to their application but often challenging to obtain, with a limited number of flux towers available for the sufficient validation of measurements. Triple collocation (TC) methods can assess the inherent uncertainties of the above ET products using just three independent variabl
An increased frequency of droughts due to anthropogenic climate change can lead to considerable stress for soil microorganisms and their functioning within northern peatlands. A better understanding of the diversity and relative abundance of methane producing and oxidizing taxa, and their functional genes, can help predict the functional potential of peatlands and how the microorganisms respond to
Today's Carrier-Envelope Phase (CEP) stabilizations of mode-locked oscillators widely used in attosecond science and frequency metrology rely on octave spanning frequency combs and the detection of beating between the blue end and the frequency doubled red end of the same spectrum. This technique was established by the seminal works of Hänsch and co-workers [1], demonstrating the stabilization of
Fire regimes across the world are expected to be altered by continuing variations in socio-economic conditions and climate. Current global fire-vegetation models are able to represent the present-day fire activity, but it is unclear how well they can simulate past or future scenarios. Here we use sedimentary charcoal-based biomass burning reconstructions to evaluate fire probability and total carb
Background: Speech impairments are an early feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and consequently, analysing speech performance is a promising new digital biomarker for AD screening. Future clinical AD trials on disease modifying drugs will require a shift to very early identification of individuals at risk of dementia. Hence, digital markers of language and speech may offer a method for screening
