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Objective. The association between smoking and idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease is well known; smoking seems to have a diverse effect. Crohn's disease is associated with smoking, while ulcerative colitis is associated with non-smoking. Data on smoking in microscopic colitis of the collagenous type (CC) are lacking. The aim of this investigation was to study smoking habits in CC and to observe
During mammalian ocular development, several signaling pathways control the spatiotemporal highly defined realization of the three-dimensional eye architecture. Given the complexity of these inductive signals, the developing eye is a sensitive organ for several diseases. In this study, we investigated a Dkk1+/- haploinsufficiency during eye development, resulting in coloboma and anterior eye defec
The so-called Substituted Judgment Standard is one of several competing principles on how certain health care decisions ought to be made for patients who are not themselves capable of making decisions of the relevant kind. It says that a surrogate decision-maker, acting on behalf of the patient, ought to make the decision the patient would have made, had the latter been competent. The most common
In recent years, scientists have advocated the use of targeted therapies in the form of drugs that modulate genes and proteins that are directly associated with cancer progression and metastasis. Malignant melanoma is a dreadful cancer type that has been associated with the rapid dissemination of primary tumors to multiple sites, including bone, brain, liver and lungs. The discovery that approxima
Although Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder, in many patients cognitive dysfunction is an important clinical sign. It is not yet clear whether this is attributable solely to a decrease in dopamine levels, or whether other neurotransmitter systems might be involved as well. In the present study, the importance of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway and a possible convergence with forebra
The aim of this paper was to examine how useable and inclusive the city is from the perspective of older bicyclists. Methods used were quantitative questionnaires and qualitative focus group interviews. Participants were people aged 65 years or older. The results showed that respondents were fairly satisfied with the transport infrastructure design. However, other road users seemed to complicate c
Årsredovisning 2024 1 Transaktion 09222115557546676874 Signerat CW, CE, EB, EU, HP, JA, MA, UR, VÖ, ME INNEHÅLLSFÖRTECKNING FÖRVALTNINGSBERÄTTELSE .............................................................................................................................. 3 SAMMANFATTNING AV INNEHAV 2024 .............................................................................................
Despite its recent growth, the European online grocery business is struggling to secure broad consumer acceptance. Previous research has linked the slow diffusion of e-food commerce mostly to factors at the individual level of innovation adoption. As a result, the role of change agents, i.e. those professionals who try to influence how well an innovation is taken up in a system, has been grossly n
We present extended spectroscopic analysis of pharmaceutical tablets in the close near infrared spectral range performed using broadband photon time-of-flight (PTOF) absorption and scattering spectra measurements. We show that the absorption spectra can be used to perform evaluation of the chemical composition of pharmaceutical tablets without need for chemo-metric calibration. The spectroscopic a
Neurodegenerative disorders are an increasingly common and irreversible burden on society, often affecting the aging population, but their etiology and disease mechanisms are poorly understood. Studying monogenic neurodegenerative diseases with known genetic cause provides an opportunity to understand cellular mechanisms also affected in more complex disorders. We recently reported that loss-of-fu
We prove that for k ≪ 4 n regular resolution requires length nΩ(k) to establish that an Erdős–Rényi graph with appropriately chosen edge density does not contain a k-clique. This lower bound is optimal up to the multiplicative constant in the exponent, and also implies unconditional nΩ(k) lower bounds on running time for several state-of-the-art algorithms for finding maximum cliques in graphs.
There is (or should be) an archived specimen, a reference copy if you like, for all living and fossil species that have been described scientifically. These physical specimens, so-called name-bearing type specimens, are housed at museums or academic institutes around the world for researchers to study and perhaps compare with their own material. But what about our own species, Homo sapiens?.
This thesis studies the role of interaction between charged particles for transport and optical properties in nanostructures. Simulations are provided for a quantitative description of the system dynamics probed by either current spectroscopy or light absorption. In the first part of the thesis (Part I) the basic theories are described and in the second part of the thesis (Part II) the papers lis
Pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation depends on transcription factors that also contribute in adult insulin and glucagon gene expression. Islet cell development was examined in mice lacking MafB, a transcription factor expressed in immature alpha (glucagon(+)) and beta (insulin(+)) cells and capable of activating insulin and glucagon expression in vitro. We observed that MafB(-/-) embryos had
PurposeThis study aims to examine the association between auditor and chief financial officer (CFO) gender and earnings quality, utilising data from Sweden. This study also aims to examine whether interactions between auditor and CFO, which may affect a firm’s earnings quality, are associated with their gender. These aims are inspired by the notion that gender differences will be overruled by the
