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Objectives: To study how radiologists’ perceived ability to interpret digital mammography (DM) images is affected by decreases in image quality. Methods: One view from 45 DM cases (including 30 cancers) was degraded to six levels each of two acquisition-related issues (lower spatial resolution and increased quantum noise) and three post-processing-related issues (lower and higher contrast and incr
In this paper, a numerical study of flow, reactions and NOx emissions from a biomass boiler is presented. Detailed reaction mechanisms for the decomposition of tar species, combustion of hydrocarbons and formation of NOx are employed by adopting appropriate reaction sets from literature. The proposed mechanism is used to perform CFD simulations of a laboratory-scale biomass boiler, and temperature
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by multiple strictures of the biliary tree. Patients with PSC frequently require repeated endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures. These procedures are encumbered by an increased incidence of infectious adverse events such as cholangitis. Evidence regarding whether antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) should
Water is an essential parameter for fungal degradation of wood, but degradation primarily occursat high moisture levels at water potential in the range of -4 to -0.1 MPa, which corresponds to 97-99.9% relative humidity. At these moisture levels, water is present in the wood structure both inand outside of cell walls. The majority of previous studies on the interaction between wood andwater for unt
IntroductionInjury prevention training is effective in reducing injuries in youth team sports, but public health impact is limited because such training is not widely, properly, or sustainably implemented. Insufficient involvement of end-users has been identified as a main barrier to implementation. Based on results from previous studies within the I-PROTECT project, the aim was to develop a full
Buildings Post Corona is a Swedish collaborative research project between Chalmers, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Lund, and Umeå Universities. The project intends to provide knowledge related to designing, maintaining and operating sustainable buildings with a healthy and good indoor environment.The project aims to contribute to the knowledge and processes needed for the construction and real
We aimed to externally validate five previously published predictive models (Ng score, Triple D score, S3HoCKwave score, Kim nomogram, Niwa nomogram) for shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) single-session outcomes in patients with a solitary stone in the upper ureter. The validation cohort included patients treated with SWL from September 2011 to December 2019 at our institution. Patient-related variable
BACKGROUND: Biobased 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (5-HMF) is an important platform that offers numerous possibilities for upgrading to a range of chemical, material and fuel products. One reaction of special interest is the carboligation of 5-HMF into C 12 compounds, including 5,5'-bis(hydroxymethyl)furoin (DHMF) and its subsequent oxidation to 5,5'-bis(hydroxymethyl)furil (BHMF), due to their potent
The problem of echo separation using digital beamforming (DBF) on receive for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is of notable importance to allow for practical systems. Regrettably, current DBF-MIMO-SAR schemes, such as the short-term shift-orthogonal (STSO) scheme, are computationally cumbersome, increasing the required hardware complexity. To alleviate this pro
Background: Minimally invasive cardiac surgery provokes substantial pain and therefore analgesic consumption. The effect of fascial plane blocks on analgesic efficacy and overall patient satisfaction remains unclear. We therefore tested the primary hypothesis that fascial plane blocks improve overall benefit analgesia score (OBAS) during the initial 3 days after robotically assisted mitral valve r
Objective: To investigate the impact of including fluorine-18 fludeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning in the planning of paediatric radiotherapy (RT). Methods: Target volumes were first delineated without and subsequently re-delineated with access to 18F-FDG PET scan information, on duplicate CT sets. RT plans were generated for three-dimensional conformal photon RT (
A novel prototype polymer-coated adsorbent (PCA) has been developed for the effective expanded bed recovery of protein products from particulate feedstocks. The adsorbents were manufactured using the three-phase emulsification process by which the selected core phases (anion- and cation-exchangers and a custom-assembled pseudo-affinity adsorbent) were coated by an agarose gel. This new non-stick e
Background: OpenSim models are typically based on cadaver findings that are generalized to represent a wide range of populations, which curbs their validity. Patient-specific modelling through incorporating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) improves the model's biofidelity with respect to joint alignment and articulations, muscle wrapping, and ligament insertions. The purpose of this study was to d
An appropriate and stable indoor climate in museums is crucial to guarantee an appropriate preservation of our cultural heritage. Depending on the collection, indoor temperature and relative humidity need to be kept within a certain range. Fluctuations in temperature and relative humidity could cause damage to museum artefacts and may require higher energy needs than necessary. Biochar is a materi
This study explores the ideas behind and development of assigning non-organised volunteers as assistant supervisors within the Swedish Prison and Probation Service. The Swedish way of collaborating with volunteers in supervision of offenders is unique in an international perspective. This article includes an international literature review for this area that seldom is studied. With the help of Cha
Processes that utilise low-value wastes and convert them to high-value food ingredients systemically add value across commercial operations. Current common disposal options include use as animal feed, anaerobic digestion, composting, incineration, and the worst-case options of landfill and wastewater disposal. The pressure is acute with food manufacturers needing to align with the UN Sustainable D
The aim of this study was to develop a novel software platform for the simulation of magnetic resonance spin systems, capable of simulating a large number of spatial points (1283 ) for large in vivo spin systems (up to seven coupled spins) in a time frame of the order of a few minutes. The quantum mechanical density-matrix formalism is applied, a coherence pathway filter is utilized for handling u
