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Background: Mapping social and geographical disparities in health outcomes helps to identify vulnerable groups that should be targeted for intervention. This study aims to assess the disparities in cardiometabolic multimorbidity, the presence of at least two cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, among middle-aged adults across socio-geographical inte

Precise statistics about crop types and productions can support establishing more efficient decisions in the food security framework. The applicability of remote sensing imagery has been confirmed worldwide in crop-related studies. In this chapter, time series Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images were integrated, along with crop inventory, to generate crop-type maps in Imperial County, CA, USA, within

Introduction The recognition of breathlessness in clinical practice appears suboptimal, despite its prevalence and impact. This study aimed to explore the content of clinical conversations about breathlessness and patients’ level of self-reported openness when discussing their breathlessness. Methods A cross-sectional, online survey of Australian adults (≥18 years) stratified to the 2016 National

Groundwater in most parts of the world is an important source of agricultural water supply for food production. Soil salinization, however, threatens groundwater quality and may cause irreparable damage to agricultural land. A key to tackling this threat is to analyze the link between agricultural crop water requirements and groundwater quality. This study aimed to investigate salinity effects on

Soil erosion poses a significant environmental challenge in Dehradun due to its complex, steep terrain, heavy rainfall, and rapid urbanization. This study employed a Google Earth Engine-based approach to assess the average soil loss annually using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). The analysis used various factors, including rainfall-runoff erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slop

Objectives: Both depression and suicidal behaviour have been associated with neuroinflammation. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a protein involved in microglial activation, has been linked to pro-inflammatory cytokines and the severity of depressive symptoms. The extent to which peripheral levels of Gal-3 reflect neuroinflammation is unknown, as is the relationship between Gal-3 and suicidality. Methods: Bloo

The Cox Proportional Hazards (CPH) model has long been the preferred survival model for its explainability. However, to increase its predictive power beyond its linear log-risk, it was extended to utilize deep neural networks, sacrificing its explainability. In this work, we explore the potential of self-explaining neural networks (SENN) for survival analysis. We propose a new locally explainable

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate symptom prevalence, symptom relief, and palliative care indicators during the last week of life, comparing them for patients with motor neuron disease (MND), central nervous system tumors (CNS tumor), and other neurological diseases (OND). Material & Methods: Data were obtained from the Swedish Register for Palliative Care, which documents c

Objectives Critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are at an increased risk of acquiring bacterial bloodstream infections (BSI). We aimed to describe patient characteristics, risk factors, and the microbiological spectrum in blood cultures and evaluate the impact of ICU-acquired BSI on outcomes in a Nordic setting. Methods A prospective multicenter cohort study w

This study aims to explore how family therapists in social services perceive and describe quality in their work with family support, and how their experience and knowledge contribute to the quality of their practical work. The study was conducted through qualitative, semi-structured interviews with family therapists working within social services. The results reveal that professionals define quali

Hydroxyl radicals (HO•), produced through reactions between H2O2 and iron oxides, drive biogeochemical transformations, mediate organism toxicity, and facilitate advanced oxidation processes. The effectiveness of these processes depends on the spatial proximity between HO• generation and target substrates. Consequently, the oxidation mechanisms should be governed by interfacial interactions among

Accurate and continuous monitoring of inland surface‌ water dynamics is vital for sustainable water resource management, climate impact assessment, and ecological planning. This study introduces a machine learning-based remote sensing-based data-fusion framework that improves Sentinel-3 radar altimeter (SRAL) estimations of water surface elevation (WSE) by integrating ERA5 reanalysis climate varia

Cryo-scanning electron microscopy (CryoSEM) permits the preparation and detailed imaging of bulky samples while keeping them in a hydrated state. For plant biology, cryofractures give information on cell ultrastructure and tissue organisation within a much larger context that is the whole organ or organism. To date, a method to locate fluorescence reporters on the cryofracture has not been reporte

In response to escalating disasters, inclusive crisis planning is crucial. This study examines a specialized workshop that engaged people with disabilities in crisis planning, focusing on a simulated flood scenario. Stakeholders from disability organizations and the local municipality collaborated, including eight crisis communicators and thirteen individuals with disabilities. The workshop facili

With the emergence of autonomous vehicles comes requirements on adequate and rigorous testing techniques, particularly as systems continuously adapt to changing environments. Scenario-based, simulated testing is one approach that has received attention, where deriving relevant scenarios from various sources is still a challenge. We therefore explore creating executable test scenarios from textual

This article offers an overview of the IsiXhosa Intellectual Traditions Digital Archive, which hosts digitized texts and images of early isiXhosa newspapers and books from 1870-1914. The archive offers new opportunities for a range of research across multiple fields, and responds to debates around the importance of African intellectual traditions and their indigenous language sources in generating