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Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication is a potential technique for future high-speed networks. In this paper, we investigate low complexity signal detection approaches for OFDM based UWB systems. In particular, we develop practical approaches for channel estimation and interference suppression. Computer simulation results show that these techniques can be effectively used in OFDM based UWB systems fo

In ad hoc mobile networks nodes typically communicate over wireless channels and are capable of movement. These are networks that support multihop communication and can be formed on a temporary basis. This paper evaluates a solution that allows mobile nodes to access the wired Internet and roam from base station to base station. The solution is based on the extension of Mobile IP capabilities to t

Often, the research process is hidden under the dominant product, making all decisions, from the research question to the chosen method and theory, seem obvious in retrospect. Consequently, this paper has two tightly intertwined aims: to elucidate the research process of the study on which it is based; and to explore and discuss what this process temporally produced, namely, a focus group intervie

Creating software tools that address the needs of a wide range of decision-makers requires the inclusion of differing perspectives throughout the development process. Software tools for biodiversity conservation often fall short in this regard, partly because broad decision-maker needs may exceed the toolkits of single research groups or even institutions. We show that participatory, collaborative

The use of CRISPR-Cas bacterial adaptive immunity system components for targeted DNA changes has opened broad prospects for programmable genome editing of higher organisms. The most widely used gene editors are based on the Cas9 effectors of the type II CRISPR-Cas systems. In complex with guide RNAs, Cas9 proteins are able to directionally introduce double-stranded breaks into DNA regions that are

Starting with the lead compound roquinimex, a selection of 3-quinolinecarboxamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for the treatment of the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis. Structure-activity relationships were established in animal studies and from these, laquinimod was chosen as the drug candidate due to its superior potency and toxicological profile as compared to roquinimex. Ho

Additive manufacturing (AM) is revolutionizing industrial production by enabling the fabrication of complex, customized components with reduced material waste. However, the scheduling of AM machines presents significant challenges in terms of optimizing both time-related performance and energy consumption. This paper introduces a novel multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model

Single-cell technologies have transformed our understanding of cellular heterogeneity through multimodal data acquisition. However, robust cell alignment remains a major challenge for data integration and harmonization, including batch correction, label transfer, and multi-omics integration. Many existing methods constrain alignment based on rigid feature-wise distance metrics, limiting their abil

DNA replication relies on precise coordination between proteins, including the sliding clamp proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), which encircles DNA to interact with key players in replication and repair. While biochemical studies have demonstrated interactions between PCNA and DNA polymerases δ and ε during DNA synthesis, the functional role of the Pol ε–PCNA interaction in vivo, particula

The testing and safety cases of assisted and automated driving (AAD) functions require considerations for nonideal environmental conditions, such as adverse and extreme weather. In these extreme conditions, perception sensors (e.g., camera, LiDAR, and RADAR), which build the situational awareness of the vehicle, might produce noisy and degraded data. Therefore, it is key to consider: 1) how to rel

With the increasing prevalence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in global aquatic environments, their potential ecotoxicological and health impacts have become a major concern in environmental science. Slow sand filtration (SSF) is widely recognized for its low energy demand, ecological compatibility, and operational stability; however, its efficiency in removing small or neutrally bu