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Spark ablation is an established method for generating aerosol nanoparticles. By changing the electrodes, synthesis of monometallic, multimetallic and semiconducting nanoparticles has been demonstrated. Apart from using electrodes of specific composition, compositional tuning of bimetallic nanoparticles during synthesis has recently been demonstrated (Kohut, et al., 2021). In many applications, it

Lifestyle behaviors and genetic variation have clear and distinguishable effects on obesity risk; however, the pattern of disease occurrence within and between populations that differ in their genetic and environmental underpinnings suggests obesity is caused in part by the interaction between adverse lifestyle behaviors and the genetic risk profile of an individual. This thesis aims to investigat

Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) is an internal combustion engine concept that aims to yield low NOx and soot emission levels together with high engine efficiency. PPC belongs to the class of low temperature combustion concepts where the ignition delay is prolonged in order to promote the air-fuel-mixture homogeneity in the combustion chamber at the start of combustion. A more homogeneous combu

Abstract General practice is a broad and multifaceted field of knowledge. Political steering instruments declare that general practice and primary care are characterized by a holistic perspective on the individual, with quality, accessibility, continuity, and cooperation being important factors. For the last few decades, quality assurance has been in focus in Swedish health care. Inspiration has c

Asylum seekers often find themselves in a situation where the structure and content of daily occupations have been disrupted and they might have limited access to paid work and education. Studies have shown that asylum seekers experience occupational depri- vation and a change in daily occupations which might even influence their identity. Such deprivation can eventually lead to dissatisfaction wi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Parkinsons sjukdom är en av våra vanligaste ålderssjukdomar i Sverige och drabbar en procent av befolkningen över 50 år. De karaktäristiska symptomen: skakningar, långsamma rörelser och stelhet orsakas i huvudsak av en förlust av nervceller som producerar signalsubstansen dopamin i hjärnan. Den mest effektiva behandlingen är L-DOPA, som i hjärnan omvandlas till dopamin.Parkinson's disease and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) does not merely involve the dopamine (DA) system but also include non-dopaminergic systems such as glutamate and serotonin (5-HT). An aberrant glutamate transmission at the corticostriatal synapse, has been linked to LID. Pharmacological agents to glutamate receptors at this synapse, (of which some are already clinically tested), could preve

Introduction: Basal-like breast cancers (BL-BCa) have the worst prognosis of all subgroups of this disease. Hyaluronan (HA) and the HA receptor CD44 have a long-standing association with cell invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to establish the relation of CD44 to BL-BCa and to characterize how HA/CD44 signaling promotes a protease-dependent invasion of breast c

Background Carriers of APOE epsilon 2 and epsilon 4 have an increased risk of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) in lobar regions, presumably because of the effects of these gene variants on risk of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. We aimed to assess whether these variants also associate with severity of ICH, in terms of haematoma volume at presentation and subsequent outcome. Methods We investigated the

During the 1920s, when the Swedish defence was under heavy debate, military and conservative forces on the right tried to turn the Swedish public opinion towards a climate more in favour of the defence by producing a big budget war film – Karl XII. In several senses the film became a great success. In Sweden the attendance figures were as high as one million (of a population of six) and the film w

Background & aims: alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG) has been suggested to play a particular role as an oxidative fuel for the gut, and thus may have a sparing function for fuels such as glutamate and aspartate. Using the pig model we aimed to quantify how the route of administration (intravenous, i.v.; intragastric, i.g.; intraduodenal, i.d.) affects AKG utilization, whole body energy expenditure (EE

1. The dilator effect of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has mainly been characterized as a direct effect on smooth muscle or as an endothelium-dependent effect mediated by nitric oxide (NO) or prostaglandins. We tested the hypothesis that endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) may also be involved. Dilator effects were studied in vitro by continuous recording of isomeric ten

Popular Abstract in Swedish Utbredningen av besvär som attribueras till elektrisk utrustning respektive kemikalielukter och andra odörer är ännu ej till fullo fastställd. Vidare saknas kunskap om eventuella bakomliggande faktorer för dessa besvärs uppkomst. Syftet med avhandlingen var att undersöka utbredningen av besvär som attribueras till elektriska faktorer, kemikalier och lukter, samt undersSelf-reported annoyance from electrical equipment has been in evidence since the mid-eighties, and the first reports of illness from everyday chemicals arose already in the 1960?s. However, the extent of the problem or the mechanisms behind the development of environmentally related annoyance has not yet been fully established. Increased vulnerability to stress has been suggested to be a possible

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal, hereditary disorder caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the protein huntingtin. Although mutant huntingtin is ubiquitously expressed throughout the body, HD research has mainly focused on the role of the basal ganglia. Dysfunction of these brain nuclei likely underlies motor disturbances in HD, including the conspicuous, uncontrollable, dance-like moveme

The aim of this thesis was to provide part of the data required in updating/developing computer simulation models (CSMs) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using data obtained from routine clinical practice in Sweden. In paper I, evolution of five biomarkers (i.e., HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, BMI, LDL and total to HDL cholesterol ratio) over time was estimated using data on 5,043 newly diagn

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) are both causative agents of AIDS, with similar pathogenic characteristics. However, the rate of disease progression is highly variable both within and between HIV-1 and HIV 2, but the mechanisms involved in modulating the rate of disease progression remain poorly understood. Host genetics account for some of the variation within each

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally, with approximately 1.2 million new cases every year. The highest incidence rates are seen in developed countries, thereby imposing dietary and lifestyle factors in the etiology of CRC. Accumulating epidemiological evidence suggests that obesity is a risk factor for CRC in particular in men, as weak or no associations are seen in wom

The plutonic rocks in the Western Segment of the Southwestern Swedish Gneiss Complex show a distinct geochemical evolution. The 1.6 Ga Åmål granitoids and Slottsbron migmatites are a quartz dioritic to granodioritic, calc-alkaline rock suite with smooth, but somewhat fractionated, REE and other trace-element patterns. The younger microcline granites of the 1.5 Ga and 1.3 Ga generations are evolved

Popular Abstract in Swedish Cancerförekomst i familjen är en riskfaktor för flera vanliga cancerformer. Såväl ärftlig (hereditär) som icke-ärftlig (sporadisk) cancer är resultatet av en ansamling av förändringar (mutationer) i gener vars normala funktion är att reglera cellernas delning, tillväxt och mognad. Vid ärftlig cancer finns den första erforderliga mutationen i kroppenThis thesis focuses on one of the most common types of hereditary cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). This syndrome is characterized by an autosomal dominant inheritance, an increased risk for several types of cancer (especially cancer of the colorectum, small bowel, endometrium, ovary and urinary tract), early age at diagnosis, and frequent development of multiple primary m

The aim was to gain knowledge of young people's physical status and physical activity, and to further the understanding of the role of school physical education in a salutogenic public health perspective. Two studies were performed in southern Sweden. Study 1 was performed in 1996 among 301 adolescents aged 16-19 in upper secondary school. It comprised three parts: a questionnaire, seven physical

Layered anorthosite complexes are typical components of Archean crustal domains. However, the geodynamic settings in which they were emplaced are still discussed as geological relationships are often ambiguous. Here we report major, trace element and high-precision high-field-strength-element (HFSE) data for the recently discovered well preserved Naajat Kuuat Anorthosite Complex from the inner Ame