Filetype
Although fossils are relatively common in some sedimentary deposits, the majority consists of fragmented or distorted skeletal hard parts (such as shell and bones). However, in rare cases, special burial and diagenetic conditions have allowed a greater portion of the original anatomy to be incorporated into the fossil record. This exceptional type of preservation is characterised by the retention
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) compose a rare population of undifferentiated cells, residing in the bone marrow of adult individuals, ensuring life-long maintenance and replenishment of the blood system. This fantastic achievement is possible owing to two special characteristics of the HSCs: their ability to make copies of themselves (self-renew), and their capacity to differentiate to all lineag
Carpets have been important motives in the visual arts since the Renaissance (Holbein, Lotto, Vermeer), and they were especially made prominent through 19th century Orientalism (Delacroix, Gérôme, Cézanne). The influence on painters and writers was thorough and the carpet, now more than just a motive, became a model and instrument for images. This tendency was termed the “carpet paradigm” by Josep
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den moderna epokens början återfinns i det sena sjuttonhundratalet och i Europa. Det är en epok, en kultur som förstår sig som både ny och som annorlunda i förhållande till tidigare epoker och kulturer, sådana som vilat på myter, religion och tradition. Den nya kulturens fundamentala insikt bestod i att ingenting måste vara så som det är, utan allt vore möjligt också påThe problem which the present study discusses is modernity. The study interprets modernity’s cultural and anthropological dispositions as historical appearances. Consequently, it is situated at the intersection of cultural sociology and historical anthropology. The aim is to generate insight and understanding rather than a coherent theory. The key element consists of combination and variation of c
It has recently been established in our group that amphiphilic block copolymers consisting of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic part can self-assemble in the presence of selective solvents (“water” and “oil”) into a variety of different solution and lyotropic liquid crystalline microstructures. The effects of the “oil” type, hydrophilic block size and hydrophobic block type on the phase behavior and
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal, hereditary disorder caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the protein huntingtin. Although mutant huntingtin is ubiquitously expressed throughout the body, HD research has mainly focused on the role of the basal ganglia. Dysfunction of these brain nuclei likely underlies motor disturbances in HD, including the conspicuous, uncontrollable, dance-like moveme
The aim of this thesis was to provide part of the data required in updating/developing computer simulation models (CSMs) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using data obtained from routine clinical practice in Sweden. In paper I, evolution of five biomarkers (i.e., HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, BMI, LDL and total to HDL cholesterol ratio) over time was estimated using data on 5,043 newly diagn
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) are both causative agents of AIDS, with similar pathogenic characteristics. However, the rate of disease progression is highly variable both within and between HIV-1 and HIV 2, but the mechanisms involved in modulating the rate of disease progression remain poorly understood. Host genetics account for some of the variation within each
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally, with approximately 1.2 million new cases every year. The highest incidence rates are seen in developed countries, thereby imposing dietary and lifestyle factors in the etiology of CRC. Accumulating epidemiological evidence suggests that obesity is a risk factor for CRC in particular in men, as weak or no associations are seen in wom
The plutonic rocks in the Western Segment of the Southwestern Swedish Gneiss Complex show a distinct geochemical evolution. The 1.6 Ga Åmål granitoids and Slottsbron migmatites are a quartz dioritic to granodioritic, calc-alkaline rock suite with smooth, but somewhat fractionated, REE and other trace-element patterns. The younger microcline granites of the 1.5 Ga and 1.3 Ga generations are evolved
Popular Abstract in Swedish Cancerförekomst i familjen är en riskfaktor för flera vanliga cancerformer. Såväl ärftlig (hereditär) som icke-ärftlig (sporadisk) cancer är resultatet av en ansamling av förändringar (mutationer) i gener vars normala funktion är att reglera cellernas delning, tillväxt och mognad. Vid ärftlig cancer finns den första erforderliga mutationen i kroppenThis thesis focuses on one of the most common types of hereditary cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). This syndrome is characterized by an autosomal dominant inheritance, an increased risk for several types of cancer (especially cancer of the colorectum, small bowel, endometrium, ovary and urinary tract), early age at diagnosis, and frequent development of multiple primary m
Layered anorthosite complexes are typical components of Archean crustal domains. However, the geodynamic settings in which they were emplaced are still discussed as geological relationships are often ambiguous. Here we report major, trace element and high-precision high-field-strength-element (HFSE) data for the recently discovered well preserved Naajat Kuuat Anorthosite Complex from the inner Ame
High resolution palaeoenvironmental records in Far-Eastern Russia are rare, and the Kamchatka Peninsula is among the least studied areas of the region. This paper describes a record spanning the last ca. 11,000 yr, obtained from a bog in the southern part of Kamchatka. The radiocarbon dated core was analysed for pollen, testate amoebae, charcoal and loss-on-ignition (LOI). The vegetation during th
Negative pressure wound therapy in cardiac surgery Rainer Petzina, M.D. Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University Poststernotomy mediastinitis is a devastating complication for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Conventional treatment includes surgical revision, continuous irrigation with drainage and wound closure with the use of the greater omentum and muscle flaps. Widespread adoption of ne
Introduction: Basal-like breast cancers (BL-BCa) have the worst prognosis of all subgroups of this disease. Hyaluronan (HA) and the HA receptor CD44 have a long-standing association with cell invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to establish the relation of CD44 to BL-BCa and to characterize how HA/CD44 signaling promotes a protease-dependent invasion of breast c
Background Carriers of APOE epsilon 2 and epsilon 4 have an increased risk of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) in lobar regions, presumably because of the effects of these gene variants on risk of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. We aimed to assess whether these variants also associate with severity of ICH, in terms of haematoma volume at presentation and subsequent outcome. Methods We investigated the
Coals with similar thermal maturity and from the same deposit normally show a considerable range in petroleum generation potential as measured by the Hydrogen Index (HI). This variation may partly be related to variations in plant input to the precursor mires and organic matter preservation. It is widely accepted that some Cenozoic coals and coaly sediments have the potential to generate oil, whic
Popular Abstract in Swedish Moderns rökning under graviditet och risk för medfödda missbildningar. Ungefär två procent av alla nyfödda föds med någon missbildning såpass allvarlig att den rapporteras till missbildningsregistret och/eller till det medicinska födelseregistret. Trots alla samhälleliga insatser för att minska rökningen (speciellt i samband med graviditet) så röker (1996) 16% av de grAbout two percent of Swedish newborn infants are born with a significant congenital malformations which is reported to the Swedish Registry of Congenital Malformations (RCM), and/or the Swedish Medical Birth Registry (MBR). In spite of persistent public health recommendations, about 16% of the Swedish pregnant women are smoking during pregnancy (1996). It is well known that maternal smoking during
Popular Abstract in Swedish I djurvärlden finns två dominerande ögontyper: kameraögon och facettögon. Kameraögat har en enda lins som fokuserar en bild på ögats retina, medan facettögon har många delögon som var och en har en lins. Båda typerna av ögon hittas inom Arthropoda men facettögon är klart vanligast. Det mest spridda typen av facettöga kallas appositionsöga och har en lins till varje ljusIn the superposition compound eye each rhabdom (light sensitive unit) receives light through many ommatidial facets, while in the apposition compound eye every rhabdom receives light from a single facet. The superposition design increases photon capture, which is an advantage in dark environments. Despite their advantage in dim light, superposition eyes can sometimes be found in insects that live
During the 1920s, when the Swedish defence was under heavy debate, military and conservative forces on the right tried to turn the Swedish public opinion towards a climate more in favour of the defence by producing a big budget war film – Karl XII. In several senses the film became a great success. In Sweden the attendance figures were as high as one million (of a population of six) and the film w
