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One way of controlling global warming is to substitute fuel driven cars with electric cars. Electric vehicles need to be charged. For maximal efficiency the charging times should be as short as possible. In the US charging stations are classified as Level 1 charging 5–10 miles/h, Level 2 25 miles/h and Fast DCFC stations 150–1000 miles/h. We asked participants to select one of two upgrades of char

Introduction: Studies suggest that experiences of patient participation, as described by both patients and staff, are associated with a significant caring relationship of high quality. Aim: This study aimed to investigate staffs' and patients' self-reported perceptions on participation and the frequency and importance of verbal and social interactions in high-security forensic psychiatry. Method:

We have studied the development of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC)-metabolising enzyme activities in the neonatal rat intestine and its relation to the intestinal permeability of macromolecules. The permeability was determined by feeding young rats a mixture of bovine serum albumin, bovine immunoglobulin G and fluorescein-isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran 70,000, and a

Anthropogenic biodiversity decline threatens the functioning of ecosystems and the many benefits they provide to humanity 1. As well as causing species losses in directly affected locations, human influence might also reduce biodiversity in relatively unmodified vegetation if far-reaching anthropogenic effects trigger local extinctions and hinder recolonization. Here we show that local plant diver

Due to increasing plastic production, the continuous release of primary and secondary nanoplastic particles (NPs, <1 μm) has become an emerging contaminant in terrestrial environments. The fate and transport of NPs in subsurface environments remain poorly understood, largely due to the complex interplay of mineralogical, chemical, biological, and morphological heterogeneity. This study examines in

Aims: This study surveyed individuals and caregivers of children who received teplizumab at stage 2 type 1 diabetes (T1D) to garner real-world experiences and their health outlook for the future following treatment with the first approved disease-modifying immune therapy for delaying the onset of Stage 3 T1D. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational, online survey (conducte

Character displacement theory predicts that closely-related co-occurring species should diverge in relevant traits to reduce costly interspecific interactions such as competition or hybridization. While many studies document character shifts in sympatry, few provide corresponding evidence that these shifts are driven by the costs of co-occurrence. Black-capped (Poecile atricapillus) and mountain c

The extremely small feature size and total sample volume of semiconductor nanowire materials has meant that advanced techniques have been required for even the most routine sample characterization since the structures were first reported. Electron microscopy has been the technique of choice for fast and reliable determination of nanowire morphology, structure, and composition since the earliest re

The eye disease Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) represents a heterogeneous group of inherited retinal dystrophies, and it has been estimated that 1 in 3000 to 7000 people worldwide has the disease. The symptoms of RP are photoreceptor degeneration that leads to night blindness, followed by a decline in peripheral and central vision, and potential blindness. However, the mechanism(s) behind the photorece

Multi-stimulus responsive poly(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate-co-2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) [P(MEO2MA-co-DEA)] 80:20 mol % copolymer brushes were synthesized on planar silica substrates via surface-initiated activators continuously regenerated via electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization. Brush thickness was sensitive to changes in pH and temperature as monitored with

The effect of molecular weight and temperature on the phase transition and internal structure of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) brush modified colloidal silica particles was investigated using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) between 15 and 45 °C. Dry particle analysis utilising transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT

The highly infectious disease COVID-19 caused by the Betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 poses a severe threat to humanity and demands the redirection of scientific efforts and criteria to organized research projects. The international COVID19-NMR consortium seeks to provide such new approaches by gathering scientific expertise worldwide. In particular, making available viral proteins and RNAs will pave th

Although dead fungal mycelium (necromass) represents a key component of biogeochemical cycling in all terrestrial ecosystems, how different ecological factors interact to control necromass decomposition rates remains poorly understood. This study assessed how edaphic parameters, plant traits, and soil microbial community structure predicted the mass loss rates of different fungal necromasses withi

We investigated the role of phosphorus (P) impurities on the fracture toughness and underlying failure mechanisms by means of classical atomistic modeling for a set of ⟨110⟩ symmetric tilt tungsten grain boundaries (GBs). This entailed the utilization of a quasi-static mode I displacement-controlled setup with cohesive zone volume elements (CZVEs) to study failure mechanisms and evaluate the fract

Essentially all plasma membrane proteins are glycosylated, and their activity is regulated by tuning their cell surface dynamics. This is achieved by glycan-binding proteins of the galectin family that either retain glycoproteins within lattices or drive their endocytic uptake via the clathrin-independent glycolipid-lectin (GL-Lect) mechanism. Here, we have used immunofluorescence-based assays to

Therapeutic proteins are essential in modern medicine but are often susceptible to chemical degradation during production, transportation, and storage, which can compromise functionality and even lead to immunogenicity in patients. This study investigates how the structure of the affibody GA-Z affects its chemical stability and how glycerol stabilizes the protein against deamidation and isomerizat

Although variation in effect sizes and predicted values among studies of similar phenomena is inevitable, such variation far exceeds what might be produced by sampling error alone. One possible explanation for variation among results is differences among researchers in the decisions they make regarding statistical analyses. A growing array of studies has explored this analytical variability in dif

Proton-translocating NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase (NNT) is highly expressed in cardiac tissue, where it physiologically supports mitochondrial NADPH production. However, under certain pathological conditions, NNT may shift toward consuming the mitochondrial NADPH pool. Although NNT has been implicated in redox homeostasis, its contribution to cardiac function during aging remains uncertain. In this st

Lifestyle factors such as participation in cognitively stimulating activities and physical activity are hypothesized to foster neural connections and enhance resilience, thereby attenuating cognitive loss in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, the relationship between these factors and important clinical outcomes of cognition and brain atrophy

Recent research in economic history argues for using a household life cycle standard-of-living approach that includes the income and expenses of all household members and considers fluctuations in the household over the life course. This study builds on that approach by empirically examining the development of living standards in male-headed households in Stockholm 1800–80, linking individuals and