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Light cues elicit strong responses from nearly all forms of life, perhaps most notably as circadian rhythms entrained by periods of daylight and darkness. Atypical periods of darkness, like solar eclipses, provide rare opportunities to study biological responses to light cues. By using a continental scale radar network, we investigated responses of flying animals to the total solar eclipse of 21 A
Two MgRE (RE = Ce, Nd) alloys with ultrafine-grain (UFG) microstructures were prepared by high-pressure torsion (HPT) at room temperature. The in-depth distribution of defects was characterized by Doppler broadening –variable energy positron annihilation spectroscopy (DB-VEPAS). The characteristic S parameter increases in bulk after HPT processing relative to an as-received sample and shows a rela
Microstructural evolution during the early stages of ageing (less than one hour) in a Ni-Cr-Fe based superalloy Inconel 718 (IN718) has been investigated using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). The effects of precipitate kinetics on the precipitate size distribution are compared indirectly with SAXS measurements by using Vickers microhardness data. The microhardness increased after 4 min of age
Condylomata acuminata is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). PCR with consensus primers will typically detect HPV in >96% of condylomata. Metagenomic sequencing has found that some "HPV-negative" condylomata do indeed contain HPV. We wished to perform a renewed evaluation of the "HPV-negative" condylomata using deeper metagenomics sequencing. Sequencing of whole genome amplified DNA from 40 appa
The stress fields of expanding (precipitation) and contracting (dissolution) hydride plates were computed by finite element method using Zr-H solid solution and hydride properties at 25, 200 and 400 degrees C for fully and semi-constrained hydride plates. For the first time simultaneous hydride expansion and matrix contraction and vice-versa have been considered in a simulation of hydride precipit
The mechanism and kinetics of the radical C-3(2) + C3H8 reaction have been investigated theoretically by direct ab initio kinetics over a wide temperature range. The potential energy surfaces have been constructed at the CCSD(T)/B3//UMP2/B1 levels of theory. The electron transfer was also analyzed by quasi-restricted orbital (QRO) in detail. It was shown that all these channels proceed exclusively
In this work, we present an optical approach that allows quantification of compounds dissolved down to a sub 10 ppm (molar) level in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) by in situ Raman spectroscopy. The quantification strategy is based on the consideration of Raman signal intensity ratios and of weak Raman signals of CO2. The first measure makes the quantification strategy independent of the r
The emotional salience of faces has previously been shown to induce memory distortions in recognition memory tasks. This event-related potential (ERP) study used repeated runs of a continuous recognition task with emotional and neutral faces to investigate emotion-induced memory distortions. In the second and third runs, participants made more false alarms to distracters (repeated from previous ru
Background:To compare different ultrasound-based international ovarian tumour analysis (IOTA) strategies and risk of malignancy index (RMI) for ovarian cancer diagnosis using a meta-analysis approach of centre-specific data from IOTA3.Methods:This prospective multicentre diagnostic accuracy study included 2403 patients with 1423 benign and 980 malignant adnexal masses from 2009 until 2012. All pat
BACKGROUND: Interactive behavior change technology (eg, computer programs, Internet websites, and mobile phones) may facilitate the implementation of lifestyle behavior interventions in routine primary health care. Effective, fully automated solutions not involving primary health care staff may offer low-cost support for behavior change. OBJECTIVES: We explored the effectiveness of an electronic
A comprehensive study of the molecular active landscape of human cells can be undertaken to integrate two different but complementary perspectives: transcriptomics, and proteomics. After the genome era, proteomics has emerged as a powerful tool to simultaneously identify and characterize the compendium of thousands of different proteins active in a cell. Thus, the Chromosome-centric Human Proteome
Crystalline lenses with multiple focal lengths in monochromatic light (multifocal lenses) are present in many vertebrate groups. These lenses compensate for chromatic aberration and create well-focused color images. Stabilization of the lens within the eye and the ability to adjust focus are further requirements for vision in high detail. We investigated the occurrence of multifocal lenses by phot
Introduction Simulation-based studies indicate that crisis checklist use improves management of patients with critical conditions in the emergency department (ED). An interview-based study suggests that use of an emergency manual (EM) - a collection of crisis checklists - improves management of clinical perioperative crises. There is a need for in-depth prospective studies of EM use during clinica
Aims: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) improve outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but remain underused and are often discontinued especially in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to concerns on renal safety. Therefore, in a real-world HFrEF population we investigated the safety of MRA use, in terms of risk of renal events, any mortality and an
The molecular self-diffusion coefficients were accessed, for the first time, in solutions of microcrystalline cellulose, dissolved in 30 wt% and 55 wt% aqueous tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, TBAH (aq), and in mixtures of 40 wt% TBAH (aq) with an organic co-solvent, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), through pulsed field gradient stimulated echo NMR measurements. A two-state model was applied to estimate α (
Background: Quantification of tumor burden from bone scan in the form of automated Bone Scan Index (aBSI) has been validated as an imaging biomarker for patients with prostate cancer. Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is more sensitive and accurate compared to conventional imaging such as bone scan. The evaluation of medical images including PET/CT is challeng
Importance: National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) workgroups have proposed biological research criteria intended to identify individuals with preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD). Objective: To assess the clinical value of these biological criteria to identify older individuals without cognitive impairment who are at near-term risk of developing symptomatic AD. Design, Setting
The atomistic structure of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) has been studied by applying force field simulations and quantum mechanical methods. Large number of crystallographically equivalent structures were used to account for the disordered nature of C-S-H. An extensive set of periodic structures of C-S-H (with a variation of chemical composition) has been generated and optimised. Special
We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes using chambers and eddy covariance (only CO2) from a moist moss tundra in Svalbard. The average net ecosystem exchange (NEE) during the summer (9 June–31 August) was negative (sink), with −0.139 ± 0.032 µmol m−2 s−1 corresponding to −11.8 g C m−2 for the whole summer. The cumulated NEE over the whole growing season (day no. 160 to 284) was −2.5 g C m−2. The CH4 flux
Background: In 2018, nearly 90% of the global children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Compared to the adult population, antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage among children was limited. However, adherence remained a problem among children though they had limited access to ART. This study was conducted to identify the risk factors of non-adher
