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Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes är en grupp sjukdomar som alla kännetecknas av en förhöjd nivå av sockerarten glukos i blodet. Antalet individer som drabbas av diabetes ökar hela tiden, en utveckling som ses över hela världen. Bara i Sverige har drygt 5% av befolkningen diagnosen diabetes, motsvarande 484.400 personer i åldern 20-79 år. Typ 2 diabetes är den vanligaste formen av diabetes, ochThe incidence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, with the most prevalent form being type 2 diabetes. Two fundamental processes contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes: insulin resistance in target organs and insufficient insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. The aim of this thesis was to explore the role of DNA methylation and common genetic variation on glucose metabolism a

Background-Although the heritability of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFl) has been determined, the familial risk in multiplex families is unclear. The main aim of this nationwide study was to determine the familial risk of AF/AFl in multiplex families. Methods and Results-We examined the familial risk of AF/AFl in the entire Swedish population. We linked Multigeneration Register data on

Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a risk factor for fractures and much of the fracture preventive effort today is devoted to preventing low BMD. Physical activity (PA) has been described as one of the best strategies to optimize skeletal development in the growing child. However, most exercise intervention studies in children have involved the use of volunteers and specifically designed high impac

Experimental data obtained in this study (Part II) complement the speciation data presented in Part I, but also offer a basis for extensive facility cross-comparisons for both experimental ignition delay time (IDT) and laminar flame speed (LFS) observables. To improve our understanding of the ignition characteristics of propene, a series of IDT experiments were performed in six different shock tub

Popular Abstract in Swedish Många av de äldre patienterna som är inlagda på sjukhus eller som bor i särskilda boenden inom äldreomsorgen är idag undernärda. En sammanställning av Socialstyrelsen över svenska studier under de senaste 20 åren visade på en genomsnittlig frekvens av undernäring på 28%. Ett otillräckligt kostintag leder till undernäring. Kroniska sjukdomar är ofta en bakomliggande orsThe aim of this thesis was to develop and test the feasibility of a dietary record routine, where nursing staff assess the patient’s food and fluid intake based on standardised portion sizes and household measurements. The energy intake (EI) was studied with a dietary record in 61 geriatric patients. During the 6-month follow-up 11 patients died and an EI below median (1378 kcal) was associated w

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur man studerar kommunikation hos tallsteklar Totalt finns det cirka 125 beskrivna tallstekelarter i världen. De tillhör gruppen växtsteklar, och deras larver lever vanligen av tallbarr. Larvernas härjningar kan medföra att träden växer sämre eller rent av dör. Den färdiga stekeln äter inget, utan är helt inriktad på att para sig under sitt 10 –15 dagar korta liv i skPine sawflies (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) are severe pine defoliators. This thesis investigated sawfly behaviour related to the use of pheromones in integrated pest management, including monitoring with pheromone traps and mating disruption. Neodiprion sertiferr females were placed on pine twigs in the field and 11–30 % of the females that remained on their twig after the first mating re-mated. Onl

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hemicellulosa är en fantastisk källa av förnyelsebar råvara, vars användning har potental att bli kraftigt utökad i framtiden. Hemicellulosor är tillsammans, med lignin och cellulosa bland de mest förekommande klasserna av ämnen i växtcellernas väggar. Dessa tre beståndsdelar är tätt sammanlänkade, vilket gör det svårt att separera dem från varandra. Hemicellulosor är kHemicelluloses are tremendous sources of renewable raw materials, which utilisation have the potential to be highly increased in the future. Hemicelluloses are among the major groups of compounds in plant cell walls, together with cellulose and lignin. These three components are closely associated, making them difficult to separate from each other. Hemicelluloses are complex polysaccharides and tw

Introduction: Moral distress arises when healthcare workers face difficult decisions without adequate information and/or when patient care is compromised due to limited resources, communication issues, or altered work routines in exceptional circumstances. While moral distress in maternity and neonatal healthcare workers (MNHCWs) has been noted, its prevalence, intensity, and impact on well-being

Background: Perioperative myocardial injury (PMI) is associated with increased short-term major adverse cardio- and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and mortality. We evaluated how different phenotypes of PMI based on timing of injury impact long-term MACCE and mortality among patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery (NCS). Methods: A prospective, observational study was carried out in 1290 pati

Background: Emerging evidence indicates that gut inflammatory and immune response play a key role in the pathophysiology of stroke and may become a promising therapeutic target. However, the specific role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in poststroke aphasia (PSA) patients remains unclear. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among the gut microbiota, neuroendocr

In August 2007 we went to New Zealand for a placement at Child Youth and Family Services. There our interest in Family Group Conferences (FGC) took off. FGC is not near as common in Sweden as in New Zealand. Therefore the purpose of this study was to examine how the Social Services in Helsingborg and Höör in Sweden and Belfast in Northern Ireland work with FGC. We had the privilege to go to Belfas

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Skåne är till stor del täckt av sedimentära, avlagrade bergarter t.ex. sandsten och kalksten, samt mycket yngre istidsavlagringar. Den kristallina berggrunden i Skåne utgör grunden för sedimenten och bildades huvudsakligen för mer än 1200 miljoner år sedan. Denna berggrund är bara synlig i de stora nordvästriktade horstar (åsar), som utgör ett markant drag i SkåThe Precambrian crystalline basement in Skåne only outcrops in the large NW striking Horsts that are roughly parallel to the Tornquist Zone. In the south-easternmost part of the Linderödsåsen Horst in SE Skåne, the Stenshuvud porphyritic granitoids previously considered to be Palaeoproterozoic volcanic rocks, have been recently dated to 1458 Ma. This indicates that these rocks are coeval with the

Accessibility is something often taken for granted in our society, but it is a necessity for people with disabilities. Railway stations are a public place and are often a connecting point for several modes of transport. Design of railway stations in terms of accessibility for persons with disabilities is governed by several national and international governing documents. The purpose of this thesis

Syftet med denna studie är att utreda möjligheterna för Öresundskraft AB att utvinna marin förnyelsebar energi från norra Öresund. Studien genomförs i två delar där Öresunds fysikaliska egenskaper samt marina krafttekniker kartläggs i den första för att sedan analysera den möjliga miljöpåverkan från de alternativen som kan vara intressanta i Öresund. De marina energitekniker som studerades var OTEThe purpose of this study is to determine the possibilities for Öresundskraft AB to derive marine renewable energy from northern Öresund, the sound between Sweden and Denmark. The physical properties of the sound, such as temperature, current speed, wave height, salinity gradients, bathymetry, are researched as well as which technologies are present in the current marine renewable energy market. T

Building in a manner that minimizes environmental impact has become a major part of the construction industry. Despite increased knowledge in this area the development is moving slowly. The purpose of this thesis is to give the reader an idea of the approach to green construction of civil engineering. The definition of a green tender is defined by the people who have been interviewed. The question

Flyktingar löper signifikant högre risk för att utveckla psykisk ohälsa, däribland posttraumatiskt stressyndrom (PTSD). Det finns en stor evidensbas som visar att traumafokuserade psykologiska behandlingar för PTSD är effektiva. Majoriteten av denna forskning inkluderar dock inte flyktingar, vilket innebär att mindre är känt om responsen för behandling av PTSD hos flyktingar. Den aktuella översiktRefugees are at significantly increased risk of mental health difficulties, including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). There is a large evidence base showing that trauma-focused psychological treatments for PTSD are effective. However, the majority of trials do not include refugees and less is known about response to PTSD treatments in refugees. The present scoping review explores the curren

PARP14, a member of the PARP family that can modify target proteins with ADP-ribose has stimulated the interest of researchers as it is involved in a variety of diseases including cancer. While some structural and activity characterization has been conducted, it has not been yet expressed and purified as a single molecule, instead it was examined in small constructs that include several of its dom

The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) is a cosmopolitan species with a broad distribution that ranges from the tropics to the poles. Males are known to migrate between nutrient-rich high latitude waters and low latitude breeding grounds. In the North Atlantic, large males are found up to the southern limits of the ice edge. However, their seasonal distribution patterns remain poorly known in th

Ett alternativ för att studera immunceller i cellkulturer utan djurprodukter Cancer är ett samlingsnamn för en rad olika sjukdomar som kan uppstå var som helst i människokroppen. Tillståndet kännetecknas av att tumörer bildas i en viss kroppsdel som kan spridas till andra delar. Tumörer är komplexa strukturer som inte bara innehåller cancerceller. Cancercellerna i en tumör omringas av en så-kallaThe use of cancer cell cultures, including immune cells, is essential in cancer research for developing immunotherapies in pre-clinical investigations. However, so far, a large number of animal-derived products are utilised in cell culturing, where experimental variations and reproducibility problems have been reported. Most studies have also only investigated the differentiation of monocytes into

Beginning in the late 20th century, public libraries in Sweden have been offering its patrons the opportunity to check out films just as they would books. Taking place over the last decade, however, the methods by which we predominantly consume films have gone through major changes – mainly caused by our increased digital presence and, more importantly, the extensive development of popular streami