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I en så kallad synkrotronljuskälla utvinns synkrotronljus från elektroner som färdas runt en lagringsring i nära ljusets hastighet. Detta ljus kan användas för att bedriva olika sorters experiment med syftet att studera strukturer och egenskaper hos olika material. MAX IV i Lund är en modern synkrotronljuskälla, där synkrotonljuset används av många olika forskargrupper med lika många intressen ochMAX IV laboratory is a modern synchrotron light source, providing synchrotron radiation for a wide array of research groups. To provide users with high-quality synchrotron radiation, the electron beam from which the synchrotron radiation stems needs to be well understood. This thesis describes a first implementation of time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) as a tool to measure longitudina

Sustainable utilization of scarce water resources requires a conceptualization and understanding of both local and regional climate variability. This work deals with an analysis of climate variability and human impacts on the water balance of the Lake Chad drainage basin of northern Africa. Mean annual precipitation and discharge time series from 112 rain gauges and monthly mean SST anomalies were

Uppsatsens behandlar den nedre gränsen för uppsåt i svensk rätt, gränsen mellan uppsåt och oaktsamhet. Uppsatsen fokuserar på hur uppsåtets nedre gräns kom att förändras i och med NJA 2004 s. 176 och hur uppsåtets nedre gräns och bevisning kring denna tillämpas i praxis idag. Uppsatsen undersöker också om dagens rättsläge ligger i linje med den som HD förespråkade i NJA 2004 s. 176 och om en ytterThis essay discusses the lower limit of intent, the line between intent and carelessness. The main focus of this essay is how the lower limit of intent changed due to NJA 2004 s. 176. In addition, the essay examines the use of the lower limit of intent and the surrounding evidence in current case law. The essay also examines whether the current legal position is in line with the one that The Supre

Inom strålbehandling innebär den s.k. åskådareffekten ("bystander effect") ett relativt nytt tankesätt som betonar de biologiska effekterna av strålning på icke-bestrålade celler i närheten av bestrålade celler. Denna effekt har visat sig påverka inte bara de celler som angränsar till det bestrålade området utan även celler på större avstånd. I Lund pågår just nu ett projekt där man villPurpose Intensity modulation of radiation is one of several important conditions to evaluate for full understanding of how cells involved in the bystander effect influence each other when cells are exposed to radiation at low and high dose rates. The aim of this study was to develop and apply a useful and practical dosimetric method for measurement of the absorbed dose to cell cultures exposed to

Increasing heavy traffic on the roads raises demands on pavements and especially the binder of the pavements. The rutting and other deformations resistances are constantly improved. As a part of the development wax mixes and polymer modified variants are produced. These products are not anymore possible to classify with traditional test methods, requiring new measurement technique and new criteria

Hur ska vi analysera elberoenden i framtiden? Hur analyseras elberoendet i samhället och vad borde ingå i en sådan analys? Detta har Kicki Rönnåker och Sofia Wennerbeck försökt ta reda på i en studie där vetenskapliga metoder jämförts med praktiska tillvägagångssätt för analyser av el. Den skillnad som hittades fick ligga till grund för ett antal förbättringsförslag som förhoppningsvis kommer kuIn Sweden, risk- and vulnerability assessments, including dependency analyses, are required by law for public actors who are of vital societal functions or critical infrastructure. However, there is a lack of guidance regarding how to perform this kind of analysis. Electrical power is one of the strongest dependencies of our society today. Thus, it is interesting to examine how the dependency of e

Kustnära ledningsnät under klimatförändringar I takt med en ökad urbanisering och ett förändrat klimat växer behovet av att utvärdera och ompröva funktionsdugligheten av befintliga ledningsnät för att säkerställa en god dagvattenavledning i framtiden. Den här typen av utredning är extra viktig för kustnära ledningsnät, då klimatförändringar förväntas bidra till havsnivåhöjningar. Ledningsnät som The emerging effects of man-induced climate change lead to difficulties in the planning of urban development. This study seeks to investigate how the stormwater pipe system in Trelleborg, Sweden, responds to climate change in terms of sea level rise and rainfall. The timeframe of this study extends to the year 2100 and the emission scenario RCP8.5 was employed. Twelve scenarios were formulated to

Abstract We studied the effects of UV-A radiation and predatory fish on mantle pigmentation of freshwater snails Radix balthica. The results showed that UV radiation and fish chemical cue induce larger ratios of pigmented area on mantle, respectively and when combined. UV radiation and predatory fish chemical cue seem to affect mantle pigmentation independently. The ratios (0~100%) of pigmented ma

Scientific summary: Ground settlement due to groundwater drainage during construction is important to be considered since ground settlement may cause severe building damages. The calculation of ground settlement contained several parameters with different magnitude of uncertainties. Thus a risk evaluation of ground settlement is necessary. The aim of this thesis was first to build a soil strata mo

Exposure to diesel exhaust is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and lung disease. Substituting petroleum diesel with renewable diesel can alter emission properties but the potential health effects remain unclear. This study aimed to explore toxicity and underlying mechanisms of diesel exhaust from renewable fuels. Using proximity extension assay (Olink), 92 proteins linked to inflam

Aim: The selective use of defunctioning stomas in anterior resection for rectal cancer hinges on accurately predicting anastomotic leakage. The aim of this study was to develop a prediction model for use in a prospective randomized clinical trial. Method: Colorectal Cancer Database (CRCBaSe) Sweden was used to identify patients who underwent low anterior resection for rectal cancer 2007–2021. Elig

Background: Maternal alloantibodies to human platelet antigen-1a can cause severe intracranial hemorrhage in a fetus or newborn. Although never evaluated in placebo-controlled clinical trials, most Western countries use off-label weekly administration of high-dosage intravenous immunoglobulin in all pregnant women with an obstetrical history of fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. In No

Background: Timely and safe elective health care facilitates return to normal activities for patients and prevents emergency admissions. Surgery is a cornerstone of elective care and relies on complex pathways. This study aimed to take a whole-system approach to evaluating access to and quality of elective health care globally, using inguinal hernia as a tracer condition. Methods: This was a prosp

Steriliseringslagstiftningens framväxt tog sin utgångspunkt i ”degenerationen” och oron för att industrialiseringen hade skapat en biologisk försämring av befolkningen. Det var vid denna tidpunkt som tankarna om rashygienen väcktes. Genom biologisk förädling skulle befolkningskvalitén höjas. Det fanns en förhoppning att genom positiv och negativ eugenik öka fortplantningen hos den ”goda” befolkninThe emergence of the sterilization law were based on "degeneration" and fear that the industrialization had created a biological degradation of the population. It was at this point that the ideas of the eugenics evoked. By biological processing the quality of the population should increase. There was a hope that through positive and negative eugenics increase the breeding of the "go

Världen är i ständig utveckling och den mest akuta frågan i vår tid, på ett globalt plan, är klimatkrisen. Vi behöver snabbt bygga ut och utveckla grön energiproduktion i Sverige, Europa och världen, för att ha en chans att undvika de värsta konsekvenser som just nu hotar vår planet. Vätgas har identifierats av EU och ett flertal länder globalt som en grundpelare i energitransitionen till ett fossIn the face of climate change, hydrogen is an important energy carrier integral to the feasibility of the renewable energy mix. This techno-economic study aims to make an initial assessment of the potential of recycling heat and oxygen from an electrolyzer. The goal is to calculate the internal rate of return and payback time of investing in a 20 MW electrolyzer and necessary auxiliary equipment f

I denna rapport redovisas populationstrender för 202 svenska fågelarter för åren 1975–2014. Fåglarna har räknats på vintern och på sommaren enligt strikt standardiserade metoder. Sommar- respektive vinterpunktrutter har räknats sedan 1975, i huvudsak i södra Sverige. Standardrutterna räknas också på sommaren (sedan 1996) men täcker hela Sverige. Nattaktiva fåglar har räknats sedan 2010. Även störrWe present the results of the Swedish Bird Survey, run by the Department of Biology, Lund University, as a part of the National Monitoring Programme of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The results for 2014 include data from: 599 winter point count routes in 2013/2014 (39th winter), of which 294 were carried out during the Christmas/New Year count, 254 summer point count routes (40th ye

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) limit the utilization of donor lungs for transplantation but is also a common cause of death in the intensive care unit. There is a general lack of diagnostic tools by which to assess lung function in ARDS but, in addition, the treatments offered are limited. In the present thesis, the aim was to explored

Pulchrol, a natural compound isolated from the roots of the vegetal specie Bourreria pulchra has been shown to possess potential antiparasitic activity toward Trypanosomatids, particularly against Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes the Chagas disease; and moderately against Leishmania species, responsible for Leishmaniasis. In this investigation, several pulchrol analogues were prepared and assayed t

Objective: The clinical phenotype of the rare behavioural variant of Alzheimer's disease (bvAD) is insufficiently understood. Given the strong clinico-anatomical correlations of tau pathology in AD, we investigated the distribution of tau deposits in bvAD, in-vivo and ex-vivo, using positron emission tomography (PET) and postmortem examination. Methods: For the tau PET study, seven amyloid-β posit

Introduction: Ankle fractures are commonly treated by open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws. Unplanned return to theatre is common, in many cases to extract prominent osteosynthesis material from the lateral malleolus as swelling subsides. We hypothesised that patients operated with a posterolateral plate placement on the lateral malleolus would have fewer reoperations, and fe