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It has been reported that there is a difference in drug prescription between males and females. Even after adjustment for multi-morbidity, females tend to use more prescription drugs compared to males. In this study, we wanted to analyse whether the gender difference in drug treatment could be explained by gender-related morbidity.

Although the elderly have a substantially higher drug use than younger patients, even after adjustment for multimorbidity, there is limited knowledge about the elderly's indication for treatment. It is essential for elderly patients to have a well-planned drug therapy. The first step towards a correct and safe drug therapy is to ensure that the patient's drugs have an indication, i.e. correct diag

Objective: The objective was to investigate the association between experience of violation during the past 3 months and self-rated health, taking trust (social capital), economic stress, and country of birth and parents' country of birth into account. Design/setting/participants/measurements: The 2008 public health survey in Skåne is a cross-sectional study with 55% response rate. A random sample

Holmqvist ME, Wedren S, Jacobsson LTH, Klareskog L, Nyberg F, Rantapaa-Dahlqvist S, Alfredsson L, Askling J (Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Karolinska Institutet/Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm; Malmo University Hospital, Malmo; AstraZeneca R&D, Molndal; and Umea University Hospital, Umea, Sweden) Rapid increase in myocardial infarction risk following dia

Background and purpose Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SPONK) is a painful lesion in the elderly, frequently leading to osteoarthritis and subsequent knee surgery. We evaluated the natural course and long-term consequences of SPONK in terms of need for major knee surgery. Methods Between 1982 and 1988, 40 consecutive patients were diagnosed with SPONK. The short-term outcome has been report

Background: Studies from Sweden have reported association between immigrant status and incidence of cardiovascular diseases. The nature of this relationship is unclear. We investigated the relationship between immigrant status and risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalization in a population-based cohort, and to what extent this is mediated by hypertension and life-style risk factors. We also explore

Many asthmatic patients are unable to quit cigarettes; therefore information is needed on treatment options for smokers. This study evaluates 10 mg/d montelukast and 250 mu g of fluticasone propionate twice daily, each compared with placebo, in patients with self-reported active smoking (unable to quit) and asthma. Methods: Patients (ages 18-55 years, with asthma [>= 1 year], FEV1 of 60% to 90% of

Long-term colonic inflammation promotes carcinogenesis and histological abnormalities of the liver, and colorectal tumours frequently arise in a background of dysplasia, a precursor of adenomas. Altered colonic microbiota with an increased proportion of bacteria with pro-inflammatory characteristics, have been implicated in neoplastic progression. The composition of the microbiota can be modified

Time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy was employed for the investigation of charge-transport dynamics in benzothiadiazolo-dithiophene polyfluorene ([2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)-alt-S,S-(4',7'-di-2-thieny1-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)]) (APFO-3) polymers with various chain lengths and in its monomer form, all blended with an electron acceptor ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, PCBM). Upon phot

We analyze the Ce3+-Pr3+:Y2SiO5 emission spectra obtained under selective excitation of the two Ce3+ sites in Y2SiO5 and we show clear evidence of direct energy transfer from Ce3+ to Pr3+. Energy transfer microparameters were calculated from the experimental spectral overlap between the Ce3+ emission and the Pr3+ and Eu3+ absorptions from which, the transfer mechanisms Ce3+-> Pr3+ are concluded to

The transfer of heat between electrons and phonons plays a key role for thermalmanagement in future nanowire-based devices, but only a few experimental measurements of electron-phonon (e-ph) coupling in nanowires are available. Here, we combine experimental temperature measurements on an InAs/InP heterostructure nanowire system with finite element modeling to extract information on heat flow media

Objective: To determine whether preterm birth is associated with epilepsy in a national cohort of adults aged 25-37 years. Methods: We conducted a national cohort study of 630,090 infants born in Sweden from 1973 through 1979, including 27,953 born preterm (< 37 weeks), followed from 2005 to 2009 for 1) hospitalization for epilepsy and 2) outpatient and inpatient prescription of antiepileptic drug

Purpose Little is known about the interaction between job control and social support at work on common mental disorders. To examine whether there is a synergistic interaction effect between job control and social support at work on general psychological distress and whether it differs by the level of job demands. Methods About 1,940 male and female workers from the Malmo Shoulder and Neck Study we

Background: Psychosocial stress has been identified as a risk factor in association with cardiovascular disease but less attention has been paid to heterogeneity in vulnerability to stress. The serial Color Word Test (CWT) measures adaptation to a stressful situation and it can be used to identify individuals that are vulnerable to stress. Prospective studies have shown that individuals with a mal

Two-dimensional spectroscopy has recently revealed the oscillatory behavior of the excitation dynamics of molecular systems. However, in the majority of cases there is considerable debate over what is actually being observed: excitonic or vibrational wavepacket motion or evidence of quantum transport. In this letter we present a method for distinguishing between vibrational and excitonic wavepacke

The performance of hybrid solar cells composed of polymer and ZnO is mainly hindered by the defects of ZnO. Here, we investigate the effects of ZnO nanoparticle surface modification with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) on the performance of bulk heterojunction hybrid solar cells based on poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) and ZnO nanoparticles. The reference device us

This paper presents diagnostic criteria for Menière's disease jointly formulated by the Classification Committee of the Bárány Society, The Japan Society for Equilibrium Research, the European Academy of Otology and Neurotology (EAONO), the Equilibrium Committee of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) and the Korean Balance Society. The classification includes 2 c