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Eutrophication and brownification are ongoing environmental problems affecting aquatic ecosystems. Due to anthropogenic changes, increasing amounts of organic and inorganic compounds are entering aquatic systems from surrounding catchment areas, increasing both nutrients, total organic carbon (TOC), and water color with societal, as well as ecological consequences. Several studies have focused on

Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition and fertilization in boreal forests frequently reduces decomposition and soil respiration and enhances C storage in the topsoil. This enhancement of the C sink can be as strong as the aboveground biomass response to N additions and has implications for the global C cycle, but the mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesized that this effect would be associated w

A common approach to the conservation of farmland biodiversity and the promotion of multifunctional landscapes, particularly in landscapes containing only small remnants of non-crop habitats, has been to maintain landscape heterogeneity and reduce land-use intensity. In contrast, it has recently been shown that devoting specific areas of non-crop habitats to conservation, segregated from high-yiel

A major fraction of nitrogen (N) in boreal forest soils is found in organic forms associated with soil organic matter (SOM) and mineral particles. The capacity of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal symbionts to access this N is debated, considering that these fungi have lost many of the genes for decomposing organic matter that were present in their saprotrophic ancestors. To gain a molecular-level unde

The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, paved the way for a new hybrid global climate governance architecture with both bottom-up and top-down elements. While governments can choose individual climate goals and actions, a global stocktake and a ratcheting-up mechanism have been put in place with the overall aim to ensure that collective efforts will prevent increasing adverse impacts of climate chan

Neonicotinoid insecticides applied to flowering crops can have negative impacts on bees, with implications for crop pollination. To assess if exposure to the neonicotinoid clothianidin via a treated crop (rapeseed) affected bee behaviour, pollination performance (to strawberry), and bee reproduction, we provided each of 12 outdoor cages with rapeseed (autumn-sown plants complemented with a few spr

Plant species effects on microbial communities are attributed to changes in microbial community composition and biomass, and may depend on plant species specific differences in the quality of resources (carbon) inputs. We examined the idea that plant-soil feedbacks can be explained by a chance effect, which is the probability of a highly productive or keystone plant species is present in the commu

The crustal segment Volgo-Uralia is the least known part of the East European Craton. Its crystalline crust is hidden beneath a thick Neoproterozoic to Phanerozoic cover but disclosed by thousands of drill holes. In conjunction with the recent "Tatseis" reflection seismic profile, we conducted the first isotopic study of the Bakaly granitoid block in eastern Volgo-Uralia, which represents a subsur

Uncontrollable events such as adverse weather and volatile prices present considerable risks for arable farmers. Soil natural capital, which views the capacity of soil biodiversity to generate ecosystem services as a component of farm capital, could be important for the stability and resilience of arable production systems. We investigate therefore whether managing soil natural capital could be an

Soil salinization is a growing threat to global agriculture and carbon (C) sequestration, but to date it remains unclear how microbial processes will respond. We studied the acute response to salt exposure of a range of anabolic and catabolic microbial processes, including bacterial (leucine incorporation) and fungal (acetate incorporation into ergosterol) growth rates, respiration and gross N min

Dissemination of risk information is ubiquitous in contemporary society. We explore how individuals react in everyday life to health-risk information, based on what they report in personal interviews. Health-risk information was without exception recognized as unstable and inconsistent. This conformity, however, did not extend to the narratives regarding how health-risk information should be handl

The majority of nitrogen in forest soils is found in organic matter-protein complexes. Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are thought to have a key role in decomposing and mobilizing nitrogen from such complexes. However, little is known about the mechanisms governing these processes, how they are regulated by the carbon in the host plant and the availability of more easily available forms of nitrogen so

The amounts of carbon allocated to the fungal partner in ectomycorrhizal associations can vary substantially depending on the plant growth and the soil nutrient conditions, and the fungus may frequently be confronted with limitations in carbon. We used chemical analysis and transcriptome profiling to examine the physiological response of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus to carbon star

Hard disk drives, USB flash drives and local storage servers are all storage solutions of the past. Cloud services are completely taking over and the major companies are adjusting to the new standard. Axis Communications provides complete surveillance systems and are currently transitioning towards incorporating cloud services in their software products. This master’s thesis aimed to research the

Studiens syfte var att nå en fördjupad förståelse av timeouter i handboll, hur de används och vad som kommuniceras. En fallstudie genomfördes med ett herrhandbollslag i den högsta divisionen i svensk handboll. En kombinerad kvantitativ och kvalitativ metod användes där tränarens kommunikation kategoriserades med hjälp av Hasties (1999) instrument för skattning av tränarkommunikation under timeout.The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of timeouts in handball, how they are used and what is communicated. A case study was performed with a men’s handball team in the top division in Swedish handball. A combined quantitative and qualitative method was used where the coach’s communication was categorized using Hastie’s (1999) instrument for assessment of coach communication

Syftet med studien var att kvalitativt undersöka kvinnliga fotbollsspelares upplevelse av att nå elitnivå. Semistrukturerade intervjuer användes och totalt intervjuades tre deltagare. Intervjuerna analyserades med IPA (Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis) som metodologisk ansats. Totalt kunde fem teman urskiljas som centrala i upplevelsen av elitnivå: tankar och känslor kopplade till övergångThe purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore the experience of reaching the elite level for women in football. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three participants. The interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). In total, five themes emerged: thoughts and feelings associated with reaching the elite level, social support, gender identity, m

Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka hur de två faktorerna självförtroende och inre motivation skiljer sig åt mellan personer som har kommit olika långt i riktning mot ett fysiskt aktivt liv. 144 försökspersoner besvarade 19 frågor i en enkätstudie. Deras svar angående motionsvanor och attityd gentemot fysisk aktivitet placerade dem i olika faser i den transteoretiska modellen. Därefter jämförd

Studien undersökte grundskolelärares inställning till att bli utvärderade av sina elever. Metoden var kvantitativ och en enkät utformades av författarna för att förstå lärarnas inställning. Svar från 55 grundskolelärare analyserades och presenterades i studien. Resultatet visade att grundskolelärare inte anser att elevutvärderingar kan bidra till att förbättra undervisningen. Lärarna trodde att deThe study investigated grade school teachers’ attitudes about pupil evaluation of teaching. The method used was quantitative and a questionnaire was developed to capture the teachers’ attitudes. A sample of 55 grade school teachers was analyzed and presented in this study. The results indicated that grade school teachers do not find pupil evaluations helpful in improving their teaching. The teache

BACKGROUND: Brief admission by self-referral, a novel crisis intervention designed to reduce suicide and self-harm in adults, was adopted for adolescents in paediatric psychiatry in Malmö, Sweden, in 2018. We aimed to investigate changes in utilisation of emergency psychiatric care.METHODS: We did an observational longitudinal cohort study in The University Hospital in Malmö, Sweden, which provide