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Deoxygenation affects many continental shelf seas across the world today and results in increasing areas of hypoxia (dissolved oxygen concentration ([O2]) <1.4 ml/L). The Baltic Sea is increasingly affected by deoxygenation. Deoxygenation correlates with other environmental variables such as changing water temperature and salinity and is directly linked to ongoing global climate change. To place t

In a future climate change perspective, the interactions among different life-forms of primary producers will likely be altered, leading to changes in the relative dominance among macrophytes, filamentous, and planktonic algae. In order to improve the possibilities to forecast future ecosystem services and function, we therefore conducted a long-term mesocosm study where primary producers were exp

PURPOSE: We know that pain has far-reaching detrimental effects across various life-domains and also affects health related quality of life after solid organ transplantation. However, the extent to which heart recipients experience chronic bodily pain in the years after heart transplantation is a neglected field. Pain is reported to be a major problem after other types of solid organ transplantati

PURPOSE: The knowledge is scarce regarding how recovery and well-being after lung transplantation is affected by various symptoms. Thus, little is known about self-management support for these recipients. Since fatigue is a symptom that severely impair well-being, the aim of this study was to explore associations between fatigue and influencing factors as perceived self-efficacy, social and psycho

Cultural ecosystem services (CES) are nonmaterial benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. The CES subcategories cover a wide range of domains (e.g. recreation, conservation of cultural heritage, human-nature relations). The CES concept has been proposed to acknowledge the nonmaterial values linking people and nature in social-ecological systems. Agricultural landscapes are outstanding example

Using a mixed input–output model, this study examines potential changes in sector output and water requirements in Macedonia arising from climate change. By defining three climate change scenarios and exogenously specifying the warming shocks for five key agricultural sub-sectors, the effects on the economy were quantified. The results indicated that except for cereals and grapes, agricultural pro

Woody pastures represent keystone habitats for biodiversity in agricultural landscapes, contributing to increased resource availability, landscape heterogeneity and structural variability. High taxonomic diversity is closely linked to vegetation structure in woody pastures, but examining functional characteristics of species assemblages can shed more light on the ecological mechanisms driving dive

Remote sensing has evolved to become a key tool for various fields of environmental analysis, thus actively informing policy across areas and domains. To evaluate the degree to which remote sensing is contributing to the science of ecologically-oriented urban planning, we carried out a systematic literature review using the SCOPUS database, searching for articles integrating knowledge in urban pla

In contrast to what is observed in aerobic uplands, microbial biomass and the presence of electron acceptors, such as iron oxides, play a crucial role in regulating soil organic C (SOC) mineralisation in paddy soils. However, the related underlying mechanisms are still poorly explored. We conducted an anaerobic incubation study to investigate changes in CO2 emissions from SOC and acetate (13C-labe

Lower diversity of plant and animal farmland species are usually reported where cropland has been aggregated into larger fields, which raises prospects of curbing declines in European farmland biodiversity and associated ecosystem services by halting trends to field size increases associated to agricultural intensification, without having to set aside arable land for conservation. Here, we conside

Pollination is a key ecosystem service for global agriculture but evidence of pollinator population declines is growing. Reliable spatial modelling of pollinator abundance is essential if we are to identify areas at risk of pollination service deficit and effectively target resources to support pollinator populations. Many models exist which predict pollinator abundance but few have been calibrate

Good knowledge on how increasing urbanization affects biodiversity is essential in order to preserve biodiversity in urban green spaces. We examined how urban development affects species richness and total abundance of butterflies as well as the occurrence and abundance of individual species within the Helsinki metropolitan area in Northern Europe. Repeated butterfly counts in 167 separate 1-km-lo

The European Union Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has failed to achieve its aim of preserving European farmland biodiversity, despite massive investment in subsidies to incentivise environmentally-beneficial farming practices. This failure calls into question the design of the subsidy schemes, which are intended to either function as a safety net and make farming profitable or compensate farmers

Microbial diversity and their activity in the rhizosphere and bulk soil areas were measured in a long-term field trial (started in 1956), where maize has been grown for the last 20 years with and without N fertilisation. Various microbial groups and their substrate feeding strategies (i.e. demonstrating activities) were identified through phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) analysis and their δ13C va

Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka hur de två faktorerna självförtroende och inre motivation skiljer sig åt mellan personer som har kommit olika långt i riktning mot ett fysiskt aktivt liv. 144 försökspersoner besvarade 19 frågor i en enkätstudie. Deras svar angående motionsvanor och attityd gentemot fysisk aktivitet placerade dem i olika faser i den transteoretiska modellen. Därefter jämförd

Studien undersökte grundskolelärares inställning till att bli utvärderade av sina elever. Metoden var kvantitativ och en enkät utformades av författarna för att förstå lärarnas inställning. Svar från 55 grundskolelärare analyserades och presenterades i studien. Resultatet visade att grundskolelärare inte anser att elevutvärderingar kan bidra till att förbättra undervisningen. Lärarna trodde att deThe study investigated grade school teachers’ attitudes about pupil evaluation of teaching. The method used was quantitative and a questionnaire was developed to capture the teachers’ attitudes. A sample of 55 grade school teachers was analyzed and presented in this study. The results indicated that grade school teachers do not find pupil evaluations helpful in improving their teaching. The teache

This thesis utilizes securitization theory in a comparative analysis of security discourses in both the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and Peoples Republic of China by looking at how actors in both states frame and respond to security issues relating to the respective frontier regions of Khyber- pakhtun and Xinjiang The purpose of which has been to produce a paper addressing the complexities that ar