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Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Felaktig DNA-reparation av typen mismatch repair (MMR) uppkommer i 15-17% av cancer i tjock- och ändtarm (kolorektalcancer). MMR defekter är av betydelse i tre situationer: • MMR defekta tumörer har en bättre prognos än övrig tjock- och ändtarmscancer, vilket kan användas för att avgöra huruvida en patient skall erbjudas sk. adjuvant Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency is carcinogenic and can either have somatic/sporadic causes (i.e. epigenetic silencing or somatic inactivation) or hereditary causes (Lynch syndrome due to a germline mutation in one of the MMR genes ¬- MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2). The identification of MMR defective colon cancer is clinically relevant for diagnostic, prognostic and potentially also for treatment-predi

The factors that determine species' range limits are of central interest to biologists. One particularly interesting group comprises odonates (dragonflies and damselflies), which show large differences in secondary sexual traits and respond quickly to climatic factors, but often have minor interspecific niche differences, challenging models of niche-based species coexistence. We quantified the env

The ever increasing volume of air transport necessitates new technologies to be adopted by the flight industry to fulfill the requirements of safety, security, affordability, and environmental friendliness while still meeting the growing demand. What we need to achieve this goal is a new type of aircraft cruise control, interconnecting all the onboard active control systems and making more accurat

Since 2009, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) regime has seen the emergence of several new political groups. This article analyses how the new political groups are positioning themselves in relation to the key UNFCCC principles (the North–South divide and ‘common but differentiated responsibility and respective capabilities’, CBDR/ RC). Drawing on original data, in

BACKGROUND: Neurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 is to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date estimates of the global, regional, and national burden from neurological disorders.METHODS: We estimated prevalence, incidence, d

Ecological intensification may reduce environmental externalities of agriculture by harnessing biodiversity to benefit regulating ecosystem services. However, to propose management options for the production of such services, there is a need to understand the spatiotemporal dynamics of net effects between ecosystem services and disservices provided by wild organisms across taxonomic groups in rela

Purpose of the Study: To identify policy gaps in the delivery and availability of assistive health technology (AHT) and medical devices (MD) for aging populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Design and Methods: The findings presented in this paper are the results of several narrative overviews. They provide a contextual analysis of the conclusions and evidence from W

Italian Primary Care System has been modelled after the NHS in UK and was established in 1978. In 2000 Italy's healthcare system was regarded, by a World Health Organization's ranking, as the 2nd best in the world after France;since then, the performance has constantly decreased mainly because ofthe austerity policy. This austerity policy is notjustified by the Official OECD figures which show tha

How to feed the world is a vigorously debated question, but the extent to which possible solutions receive attention in the scientific literature has not been studied. Using textual analysis, we analyse 12,640 research articles to quantify how this discourse evolved over the last 50 years, distinguishing between a focus on three potential levers: total food production, per capita food demand, and

Even though the Community is based upon the principle of an open market economy with free competition, there are certain exemptions to this notion. One of the exemptions is the fulfilment of services of general economic interest, an exemption that elucidates the delicate conflict of interest between Member States' prerogative to provide accessible and affordable public services, and the Commun

Abort är lagligt i Vietnam sedan 1945. Vietnam har under flera årtioden haft bland de högsta aborttalen i världen. Avsaknaden av trovärdiga siffror på abort och samlad information på abort talar för ett behov av en övergripande beskrivning av nuvarande lagstiftning och situation. Inget övergripande arbete har tidigare gjorts kring abortlagstiftningen. Denna uppsats, till viss del utförd i Vietnam,Abortion was legalized in Vietnam in 1945. Vietnam has for decades had among the highest abortion rates in the world. Due to the lack of reliable numbers on abortion and a lack of collected information on abortion a comprehensive picture of the current legislation and situation is well needed. No overview of the abortion legislation in Vietnam has been provided earlier. This thesis, partly conduct

Can coercive care be justified against drug and alcohol addicts or should treatment be offered on a strictly voluntary basis? This was one of the central questions debated in Sweden during the 70's when the development of a new social legislation, The Social Services Act (Socialtjänstlagen), took place. The first aim of this thesis was to analyse whether the arguments that were presented both

The tazkera (national ID) is Afghanistan’s most important identity document and necessary to receive a variety of government services (e.g. education), employment, or even other identity documents such as passports or driver’s licenses. While the most commonly held identification by Afghans, certain groups own tazkeras far less than do others, especially women and rural, displaced and nomadic popu

Background: The present study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Italian version of the Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults Screening Questionnaire (ASDASQ), a screening tool for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among psychiatric outpatients. Methods: We recruited 340 subjects via an outpatient psychiatric service in Italy. Forty-eight had a diagnosis of ASD, confirmed after a compr

Many birds species connected to the agricultural landscape have for several decades fared poorly in Sweden, as well as in Europe as a whole. This is reflected in the decline of the Farmland Bird Index, an official EU indicator for farmland birds specifically, and biodiversity in general. The Swedish Board of Agriculture invited us to propose measures that will improve the conditions for farmland b

Health care is moving toward integrated services where care and rehabilitation are provided at home rather than in institutions. This, together with the requirement that care must be person-centered, has proven to be a considerable challenge. Older adults living with complex health conditions such as stroke are vulnerable to change when their responsibility for care and rehabilitation becomes exte

This chapter includes an analysis how three major Swedish cities manage their strategy and control during transformative and complex capacity challenges. In particular, it extends our knowledge and contributes to NPM research concerning why and how local governments chose to adopt certain strategies and control actions to manage external pressure from a growing population. This is accomplished by

Repurposing former industrial sites to creative uses (so-called 'creative reuse') contributes to both cultural heritage and environmental sustainability, as it maintains the existing building stock. Creative reuse may also have positive impacts on the site surroundings. This study explores the prerequisites, functioning, and consequences of creative reuse in a small post-industrial town in Sweden.

In the ongoing transformation from previous “one-child policy” to current “two-/three-child policy” in China, the newly issued “supporting measures” system is highlighted to be crucial to boosting fertility. Extant studies on the issue are mostly limited to idealized discussions, while lacking a Public Administration perspective to comprehensively understand the real policy process. To compensate

I jakten på förnyelsebara energikällor är solceller en av de mest lovande teknikerna. Idag dominerar kisel-solcellen marknaden men även den har begränsningar och därför är det motiverat att utveckla andra sorters solceller. En solcellsteknik på utvecklingsstadiet som försöker efterlikna fotosyntesen är Grätzelsolcellen. Precis som i fotosyntesen är det en färgämnesmolekyl i solcellen som ska absorIn the hunt for fossile-free energy-harvesting techniques, solar cells constitute one of the most promising techniques. Today, silicon-based solar cells are the dominant technique on the market but even the Silicon solar cell has limitations which means that there is a motivation for developing new solutions. One of those techniques is the dye-sensitized solar cell. Just as in photosynthesis, the