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In light of the EU’s growing compliance problem and the generalized decline in Commission-led enforcement, this thesis studies the phenomenon of Commission inaction against breaches of EU law, and, specifically, Art. 2 TEU. By focusing on its lack of action against Spain’s non-renewal of the General Council of the Judiciary, a long-standing breach of the rule of law, this thesis aims to shed light
Odling av genetiskt modifierade organismer (GMO) har länge varit ett omdebatterat och politiskt känsligt ämne i EU. Sådan odling väcker en mängd olika betänksamheter och frågor hos europeiska medborgare. I spektrumet återfinns bland annat frågor om risker för miljön och hälsa till socioekonomiska och etiska betänkligheter. Den här uppsatsen undersöker medlemstaters möjligheter att svara upp mot så
The current OECD´s PE threshold requires either a direct physical presence (fixed place of business) or an indirect presence through a legal representative (dependent agent). On the other hand, Model Conventions such as the UN MC, provide a wider PE threshold, including income generating activities which are not included under the OECD PE threshold. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the UN MC
This paper uses an explorative case study approach to study the potential of export-led growth in the Ethiopian economy by focusing on the agribusiness sector of the economy. The paper draws on a GVC framework to analyse Ethiopian agribusiness exports and the use of the preferential trade agreement, Everything but Arms, as a potential enabler for further export growth. The aim of the paper is to s
International migration is a way to find work and support family members for many people in developing countries where income opportunities are few. The number of female migrants have grown and women migrate increasingly as main providers for their families or as heads of households. This thesis uses qualitative analysis to explore the migration process by comparing the reasons behind the migratio
Examensarbetet fokuserar på pentatoniken, som på många sätt är utgångspunkten i afroamerikanskt gitarrspel. Underlaget till denna studie består av intervjuer med professionella musiker och lärare, samt en student. Utgångspunkt tas även i den egna förförståelsen, litteratur, videodokumentärer och CD-skivor. Resultatet av studien visar på stor samstämmighet hos de intervjuade gitarristerna i studienThis dissertation examines one of the basic elements of Afro-American guitar playing, namely pentatonics. The background material consists of interviews with professional guitar players as well as teachers and one student. Literature, recorded audio (CD:s), as well as video and audio documentaries, have also played an important role. The results show a consensus between the majority of the intervi
The objectives of the Swedish integration policy are for everyone in Sweden to enjoy equal rights, obligations, and opportunities. The main focus of the policy is on early and individual efforts in language learning so that people who come to Sweden can get a job and live independently. This thesis addresses this issue by seeking to identify and analyze the challenges of integration in Sweden and
Indonesien har ratificerat de viktiga internationella mänskliga rättigheter-traktaten som ålägger stater att eliminera diskriminering av kvinnor – CEDAW, ICCPR och ICESCR. Ändå existerar omfattande diskriminering av kvinnor i landet, underblåst särskilt av lokala regleringar som tillkommit genom den starka regionala autonomin. Dessa regleringar, antagna på provins-, region- eller stadsnivå, bryterIndonesia has ratified the crucial international human rights treaties obligating states to eliminate discrimination against women – the CEDAW, the ICCPR and the ICESCR. Yet discrimination against women exists in Indonesia, especially fuelled by local regulations able to arise due to the country’s strong regional autonomy. Enacted either at province, regency or city level, these regulations contra
As the Arctic will become more available to shipping traffic in the future, given the current trend of diminishing ice sheets continues, the emission of particles and gases originating from ships will increase in the Arctic. The emission of particles and gases can affect the sensitive Arctic environment in many ways, e.g. change albedo by deposition, affect air traffic, harm livestock and humans e
In this essay I analyse the hip-hop song Same Love along with its music video and the cover art for the single. The purpose of the essay is to discuss how Macklemore, the heterosexual artist who has written and performs the song, talks about homosexuality and homosexual identity. I use a discourse analysis inspired by Laclau & Mouffe along with theories about identity politics and speaking for
This thesis is based on an ethnographic research on the role of health and public health care in neighborhood pubs in Helsinki. The goal was to understand why potential customers of the public health care services do not utilize the services offered. Based on the new understanding generated, a pilot health care service was developed in cooperation with two pubs, municipal health care, and the nurs
The Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami hit coastal cities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima Prefectures of Tohoku Region devastating the energy supply system in the region. Following electricity outage and fuel shortages caused severe problems in the city of Kamaishi varying from lack of mobility, communication, heating to reduced health conditions. It is important to build resilience of commun
For many years, indigeneity has been conceptualized as rural, making Indigenous communities and people in cities invisible globally. For the Sámi people, Europe’s only indigenous people, security is mainly understood as physical-centering extraction and environmental degradation. Focusing on the urban Sámi community in Umeå in Sweden, cultural and political belonging in the city arises as vital in
Buildings are a are a major consumer of energy in urban areas. The use of solar energy in buildings can help reduce CO2 emitting energy consumption in these urban areas. One way to use solar energy is through passive solar energy systems. Passive solar energy systems allow a building to use daylight as an energy source. The use of daylight as passive solar energy in Sweden could reduce the energy
Human-induced climate change has emerged as one of the greatest sustainability challenges of our time, with significant risks for human health, livelihoods and security. However, technological solutions to phase out the use of fossil fuels in industrialized countries are politically contested. Their adoption depends on disrupting the institutions and behaviours that perpetuate the dependence on fo
This thesis evaluates the performance of an EPR programme for post-consumer PET waste management by PET recycling company (PETCO) in South Africa. It analyses waste management policies of South Africa that are relevant to EPR. Using a set of evaluative tools, the thesis reveals areas for improvement in the EPR scheme. It also identifies areas in informal sector interventions where EPR can contribu
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Mer än två miljarder människor, mestadels i utvecklingsländer, saknar tillgång till moderna energikällor eller elektricitet. Behovet av rena, effektiva, pålitliga och ekonomiskt överkomliga energitjänster är en viktig fråga i utvecklingsländer, särskilt för landsbygden, där merparten av befolkningen bor. Förnyelsebara energikällor i form av småskaliga vattenkrafOver 2 billion people, mostly in developing countries, have no access to modern fuels or electricity. The necessity of clean, efficient, reliable and affordable energy services is a crucial issue in developing countries, especially in the context of rural areas where the majority of the people lives. Renewable energy sources in shape of small-scale hydropower systems are a complement or alternativ
This master thesis analyzes the accounting and auditing reforms in the Post-Soviet world. It is the very interesting issue, because comparing with the rest of Europe and Asia the former soviet countries have extra challenges in this process. They are not only trying to adopt international accounting and auditing standards, but also move away from command economy which is not an easy task. The regu
Abstract This thesis addresses the effects of parking accessibility on work commuting and the potential to use parking policies as a tool to support mobility management and enhance sustainable commuting in Lund. The structure rests on two folds: first, it provides a theoretical background on different parking policies and factors influencing work commuting; second, it provides an analysis of Lund
Objective: Invasive treatment of intermittent claudication (IC) is commonly performed, despite limited evidence of its cost effectiveness. IC symptoms are mainly caused by atherosclerotic lesions in the superficial femoral artery (SFA), and endovascular treatment is performed frequently. The aim of this study was to investigate its cost effectiveness vs. non-invasive treatment. Methods: One hundre
