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Several immunodeficiency-related genes have been identified and a large number of mutations in these genes. Currently, a genetic defect has been determined in more than 2000 patients. Only recently has it become possible to address structure-function effects of these mutations in the corresponding proteins. The consequences of mutations in structure are discussed for Btk in X-linked agammaglobulin
This paper examines the coordination of lip and tongue movements in sequences of vowel-bilabial consonant-vowel where the duration of the oral closure for the consonant is varied for linguistic purposes. Native speakers of Japanese served as subjects. The linguistic material consisted of Japanese word pairs that only differed in the duration of the labial consonant, which was either long or short.
Two efficient Monte Carlo models are described, facilitating predictions of complete time-resolved fluorescence spectra from a light-scattering and light-absorbing medium. These are compared with a third, conventional fluorescence Monte Carlo model in terms of accuracy, signal-to-noise statistics, and simulation time. The improved computation efficiency is achieved by means of a convolution techni
The sole coat protein VP2 of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) was isolated and purified from intact virions, propagated in CHSE-214 cells. Likewise was the full-length VP2 protein isolated and purified upon cloning and expression of the corresponding complete gene in E. coli. The two purified proteins of different synthetic origins carrying identical primary structures were utilized in
Sedimentological, pedological and palynological evidence reveal radically increasing onshore humidity during the Rhaetian marine invasion of central Europe along the north-eastern margin of the Central European Basin (southern Sweden). Pre-Rhaetian aridity favoured the formation of Carnian redbeds with calcrete, which were succeeded by Norian hematite-cemented conglomerates, arkoses, arkosic wacke
Clay minerals cannot only give information on sedimentary depositional environment but also the climate regime under which sediment was weathered. The successions of non-marine to marine Middle and Late Jurassic strata of the East European Platform show upwards increasing contents of smectite and decreasing contents of kaolinite. There is also an increasing smectite vs. kaolinite ratio laterally,
Glycoprotein gp-340 aggregates bacteria in saliva as part of innate defence at mucosal surfaces. We have detected size- and glycoforms of gp-340 between human saliva samples (n=7) and lung gp-340 from a proteinosis patient using antibodies and lectins in Western blots and ELISA measurements. Western blots of saliva samples, and of gp-340 purified, from the seven donors using a gp-340 specific anti
Polarization deficiency and excess ion hydration free energy at an electric field E (ion hydration free energy at the field E subtracted by the ion hydration free energy at zero field) of hydrated calcium, sodium, and chlori e ions have been determined by Monte Carlo simulations. A spherical cell containing either one ion and molecular water or only molecular water subjected to an external electri
The formation of a capillary phase in segregating mixed polymer solutions confined between two planar walls is modeled by using a lattice mean-field theory for flexible polymers in solution. A capillary-induced phase separation (CIPS) may appear in systems where the two polymer components display different preference for the wall, the preference being either of energetic or entropic origin. A long
Positional cloning of susceptibility genes in complex diseases like rheumatoid arthritis in humans is hampered by aspects like genetic heterogeneity and environmental variations, while genetic studies in animal models contain several advantages. With animal models, the environment can be controlled, the genetic complexity of the disease is minimized and the disease onset can be predicted, which si
We conducted a cross-sectional pilot study on healthy pre-menopausal women (aged 45-50 years) living in Granada, in the south of Spain (n = 39) and Malmo, in the south of Sweden (n = 38) in order to compare their plasma carotenoid levels and to investigate the relationship between the differences in food consumption. Plasma concentrations of six carotenoids were measured using high performance liq
The modeling of industrial combustion applications today is almost exclusively based on two-equation turbulence models. Despite its known limitations, the most the widely used model is still the standard k-ε model. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of two-equation turbulence models applied to a confined swirling flow. Numerical modeling of an axis-symmetric confined sud
The Human Variome Project (HVP) is a world organization working towards facilitating the collection, curation, interpretation and free and open sharing of genetic variation information. A key component of HVP activities is the development of standards and guidelines. HVP Standards are systems, procedures and technologies that the HVP Consortium has determined must be used by HVP-affiliated data sh
Recently, the anticancer activity of human a-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (HAMLET) has been linked to its increased membrane affinity in vitro, at neutral pH, and ability to cause leakage relative to the inactive native bovine alpha-lactalbumin (BLA) protein. In this study, atomic force microscopy resolved membrane distortions and annular oligomers (AOs) produced by HAMLET when deposited
To probe internal motions in proteins on the 10−8−10−5 s time scale by NMR relaxation, it is necessary to eliminate protein tumbling. Here, we examine to what extent magnetic relaxation dispersion (MRD) experiments on the water 1H resonance report on protein motions in this time window. We also perform a critical test of two physically distinct mechanisms that have been proposed to explain and int
The normal flora furnishes the host with ecological barriers that prevent pathogen attack while maintaining tissue homeostasis. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) constitute a highly relevant model of microbial adaptation in which some patients infected with Escherichia coil develop acute pyelonephritis, while other patients with bacteriuria exhibit an asymptomatic carrier state similar to bacterial
