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Putative GABAergic elements in the retina of the Atlantic salmon have been identified by immunohistochemistry, utilising polyclonal antisera against γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the GABA transporter GAT-1. Cell types immunoreactive (ir) for GABA comprise horizontal cells, amacrine cells, displaced amacrine cells in the ganglion cell layer, displaced amacrine cells in the inner plexiform layer (i

Latin America has constituted a recent example of inclusive growth by reducing poverty and income inequality simultaneously during the latest commodity boom. Against the backdrop of non-inclusive and non-transformative nature of commodity booms, we ask whether growth of agriculture was able to speed up structural transformation, and, relatedly, if agricultural growth was inclusive. We examine

Brettanomyces naardenensis is a spoilage yeast with potential for biotechnological applications for production of innovative beverages with low alcohol content and high attenuation degree. Here, we present the first annotated genome of B. naardenensis CBS 7540. The genome of B. naardenensis CBS 7540 was assembled into 76 contigs, totaling 11,283,072 nucleotides. In total, 5168 protein-coding seque

Nature-based solutions (NBS) focus on the material functioning of ecosystems as part of a transformative response to societal challenges. NBS represent a growing response to climate change with a range of interventions emerging across the world to address the causes and effects of climate change. The adoption of NBS is claimed to address a range of Sustainable Development Goals, including empowerm

The Bogong moth (Agrotis infusa) is a small, night-active Australian moth that has a remarkable lifestyle. Afterhatching from its pupa in spring, it migrates over 1000 km to the Australian Alps, where it spends the summer incool alpine caves. In the beginning of autumn, the moths emerge from the caves and fly back to their breedinggrounds, where they mate, lay eggs, and die. The following year, a

Three types of cBN-based composites with TaN binder—without whiskers, with Al2O3 whiskers, and with SiC whiskers—have been produced by the high pressure-high temperature (HPHT) sintering. Density, hardness, Poisson ratio, and fracture toughness of the composites have been studied. The whisker-reinforced cBN-based composites exhibit a higher level of mechanical properties (hardness, fracture toughn

In a time when protectionism is re-emerging as a strong policy stance on a global scale, the opposition to cross mergers based on public interest grounds may once more become more frequent. The lack of a common policy at the EU level leaves each Member State free to set its own framework to oppose mergers based on the public interest. However, such frameworks need to comply with Article 4(1)(b) of

By comparing the work-hours-related experiences of women in two countries that differ in their labor protections and their social-service provision—in other words, that differ in the extent to which neoliberalism holds sway—this manuscript sheds light on the implications of neoliberalism in terms of women’s working conditions.Specifically, we analyze the protections offered by each country that co

We review the role of two susceptibility genes; G72 and DAAO in glutamate neurotransmission and the aetiology of schizophrenia. The gene product of G72 is an activator of DAAO (D-amino acid oxidase), which is the only enzyme oxidising D-serine. D-serine is an important co-agonist for the NMDA glutamate receptor and plays a role in neuronal migration and cell death. Studies of D-serine revealed low

The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family of neuropeptides, consists of CGRP, adrenomedullin, amylin, and calcitonin. The receptors consist of either calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) or calcitonin receptor (CTR) which for function needs an accessory protein, receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs). CGRP has a pivotal role in primary headaches but the role of the other members o

Cell therapy raises hopes high for better treatment of brain disorders. However, the majority of transplanted cells often die soon after transplantation, and those that survive initially continue to die in the subacute phase, diminishing the impact of transplantations. In this study, we genetically modified transplanted human neural stem cells (hNSCs), from 2 distant embryonic stem cell lines (H9

The absorption spectrum of the MnO4 - ion has been a test-bed for quantum-chemical methods over the last decades. Its correct description requires highly-correlated multiconfigurational methods, which are incompatible with the inclusion of finite-temperature and solvent effects due to their high computational demands. Therefore, implicit solvent models are usually employed. Here we show that impli

Background: A novel potential approach for lung transplantation could be to utilize xenogeneic decellularized pig lung scaffolds that are recellularized with human lung cells. However, pig tissues express several immunogenic proteins, notably galactosylated cell surface glycoproteins resulting from alpha 1,3 galactosyltransferase (α-gal) activity, that could conceivably prevent effective use. Use

Purpose To describe and comment on the treatment of the slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) with pinning and to present the pros and cons of prophylactic pinning of the contralateral hip. Summary Pinning the SCFE aims to fix the epiphysis and prevent further slipping. Some devices allow for further growth and remodeling of the femoral neck post-operatively. This results in maintained femoral

AIM: To review and study the effect of lengthening along the anatomical axis of long bones and its relation to the mechanical axis deviation.METHODS: We try in this review to calculate and discuss the exact clinical impact of lengthening along the anatomical axis of the femur on affecting the limb alignment. Also we used a trigonometric formula to predict the change of the femoral distal anatomica

Modern medicine is overwhelmed by a plethora of both established risk factors and novel biomarkers for diseases. The majority of this information is expressed by probabilistic measures of association such as the odds ratio (OR) obtained by calculating differences in average "risk" between exposed and unexposed groups. However, recent research demonstrates that even ORs of considerable magnitude ar

Objectives: The pathophysiology behind functional gastrointestinal disease (FGID) has not been defined, but an intestinal accumulation of fermentable short-chain carbohydrates (FODMAPs) is thought to be involved. A restricted coffee intake is recommended. The aim was to investigate if symptoms of FGID were associated with intake of certain foods (including FODMAPs), as well as beverages (including