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The hygroscopic growth and activation of two HULIS (HUmic LIke Substance) and one Aerosol-Water-Extract sample, prepared from urban-type aerosol, were investigated. All samples were extracted from filters, redissolved in water and atomized for the investigations presented here. The hygroscopic growth measurements were done using LACIS (Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator) together with a H

The recent development of rapid single sand-sized grain analyses in luminescence dating has necessitated the accurate interpretation of D-e distributions to recover a representative D-e acquired since the last bleaching event. Beta heterogeneity may adversely affect the variance and symmetry of D-e distributions and it is important to characterise this effect, both to ensure that dose distribution

This paper reviews Olof Thorin's contributions to mathematical analysis, actuarial mathematics, and probability theory, though in reversed order. In probability theory he is known for his path-breaking work on infinite divisibility. In actuarial mathematics he contributed significantly to the ruin problem. However, his international fame very much relies on his work in mathematical analysis and hi

Throughout the Cold War Sweden pursued a declared policy of nonalignment. Sweden nevertheless established security links with a number of Western powers, first of all Britain and the US. The most extensive links were developed in two areas - military technology and intelligence. Intelligence liaison was of crucial importance for the security of non-aligned Sweden, but also significant for the majo

The potential of measuring temperature and multiple species concentrations (N-2, O-2, CO) by use of combined vibrational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) and pure rotational CARS has been investigated. This was achieved with only one Nd:YAG laser and one dye laser together with a single spectrograph and CCD camera. From measurements in premixed sooting C2H4-air flames it was possible

LiBH4 is one of the promising candidates for hydrogen storage materials because of its high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen capacity. However, its high dehydrogenation temperature and limited reversibility has been a hurdle for its use in real applications. In an effort to overcome this barrier and to adjust the thermal stability, we make a composite system LiBH4-Ca(BH4)(2). In order to fully

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 13 scalp sites during the performance of an associative recall task. At study, subjects were presented with a series of word pairs and were required to incorporate the two members of each pair into a sentence. At test, the first members of each pair were presented intermixed with an equal number of unstudied items. Subjects were required to discri

This paper re-examines the validity of the monetary exchange rate model during the post-Bretton Woods era for 18 OECD countries. Our analysis simultaneously considers the presence of both cross-sectional dependence and multiple structural breaks, which have not received much attention in previous studies of the monetary model. The empirical results indicate that the monetary model emerges only whe

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using 1-[C-11]-acetate positron emission tomography (ACE-PET) to detect and delineate the gross tumour volume of head and neck cancer before radiotherapy, and to compare the results with those obtained using F-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET. Methods Ten patients with histologically verified squamous cell carcinoma were investi

It is well established by a large number of randomized controlled trials that lowering blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by drugs are powerful means to reduce stroke incidence, but the optimal BP and LDL-C levels to be achieved are largely uncertain. Concerning BP targets, two hypotheses are being confronted: first, the lower the BP, the better the treatment outco

In systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related interstitial lung disease (ILD), elevated eosinophil counts in bronchoalveolar lavage are associated with a worse outcome. We hypothesized that eosinophils may be activated in the peripheral circulation, thereby increasing their recruitment to affected tissues and contributing to inflammation and fibrosis. The aim of this study was to characterize the blood eosi

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is central for protein synthesis and is the largest intracellular Ca2+ store in neurons. The neuronal ER is classically described to have a continuous lumen spanning all cellular compartments. This allows neuronal ER to integrate spatially separate events in the cell. Recent in vitro as well as in vivo findings, however, demonstrate that the neuronal ER is a structur

A critical aspect of science is the clear communication of complicated matters. However, language is often ambiguous, and the message can get lost in the telling. In particular, genetic terms can have different meanings for different people. Here, I discuss this problem and suggest remedies to clarify the message.

The objective of this study was to characterise and evaluate a wild inedible cassava species, Manihot glaziovii as feedstock for bioenergy production. Tubers obtained from 3 different areas in Tanzania were characterised and evaluated for bioethanol and biogas production. These bioenergy carriers were produced both separately and sequentially and their energy values evaluated based on these two ap

This paper reports a study of valence photoionization of the LiCl monomer and dimer. The behavior of the photoionization partial cross section for molecular valence orbitals was measured as a function of photon energy between 15 and 35 eV. A square-integrable-function method was used to model the ionization partial cross section in both the LiCl monomer and dimer.

Reformulation strategies for solving Fitch’s paradox of knowability date back to Edgington. Their core assumption is that the formula \ , from which the paradox originates, does not correctly express the intended meaning of the verification thesis , which should concern possible knowledge of actual truths, and therefore the contradiction does not represent a logical refutation of verificationism.

BACKGROUND: The introduction of modern chemotherapy a decade ago has led to increased use of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A recent North American study demonstrated increased use of NAT and improved operative outcomes in patients with PDAC. The aims of this study were to compare the use of NAT and short-term outcomes in patients with PDAC unde