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Dogs exhibit an exceptional range of morphological diversity as a result of their long-term association with humans. Attempts to identify when dog morphological variation began to expand have been constrained by the limited number of Pleistocene specimens, the fragmentary nature of remains, and difficulties in distinguishing early dogs from wolves on the basis of skeletal morphology. In this study

We analyze and compare the structure of two tables, the tables of al-Khwārizmī and George Peurbach’s Tabulae Eclypsium, looking at the syzygy angular velocities of the Sun and the Moon and the angular radii of the Sun, the Moon and the lunar eclipse umbra. We show that part of the underlying structure has a mediaeval Indian origin. Finally, we compare recomputed tables with Peurbach’s tables.

In the wake of sustainability challenges and geopolitical tensions, the circular economy and x-shoring have received increasing attention as possible solutions or models for future development. Both concepts have an important geographic dimension and share other features such as foci on resilience and security. In this article, we elaborate on the two concepts and explore common drivers, potential

Ontological insecurity dominates the narratives of fear and anxiety that are perpetuated by populist and authoritarian regimes today. In these discourses and imaginings, specific ideas of ‘security’ are desired as a return to order or an imagined or idealized past. In this chapter, we focus on how those narratives regularly rely on gendered and colonial framings that are associated with weakness a

Degenerative diseases related to aging, such as malnutrition, memory loss, and osteoporosis, develop due to a lack of appropriate components required at certain times for protein synthesis. Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is produced by the gut bacteriome and regulates several processes involved in protein metabolism, but mainly ensures the sparing of host nitrogen (amine group) and the synthesis of new

The problem of evil is commonly regarded as one of the greatest intellectual obstacles to theistic faith. But this is on the assumption that faith requires belief. In contemporary analytical philosophy of religion, many question this assumption and argue that non-doxastic, or belief-less, faith is possible. In this paper, we consider how the evidential problem of evil affects non-doxastic faith. N

This is a paper about gymnastics and a primordial form of geological knowledge. It pursues an interpretation of gymnastics, broadly defined, as a philosophy that interrogates what the Earth is. The goal is to reconstruct the epistemic implications of gymnastic practice in order to understand the evolution of animal motility as a prototypical form of geological knowledge. Since gravity is a global

The prevalence of obesity has reached pandemic proportions, and now approximately 25% of adults in Westernized countries have obesity. Recognized as a major health concern, obesity is associated with multiple comorbidities, particularly cardiometabolic disorders. In this Review, we present obesity as an evolutionarily novel condition, summarize the epidemiological evidence on its detrimental cardi

Raphael Cohen-Almagor looks at the Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) campaign to boycott Israeli academics and ban Israel tout court. He argues that there is no justification for any academic organisation to do this. Any such decision would be unjust, unfair, and counterproductive

The association between pesticide exposure and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) including hairy cell leukemia (HCL) was analyzed in a pooled study of three case-control studies. Results on exposure to pesticides were based on 1,425 cases and 2,157 controls participating in the studies. Exposures were assessed by self-administered questionnaires completed as needed by phone. In the pooled univariate anal

In this chapter, we present why and how a territorial perspective on urban design and public space can be fruitful. We start by introducing the notion of territoriology, and then go on to present a brief history of how territoriality traditionally has been discussed in relation to urban design, ending with a few examples of some more recent territoriological studies. We then give a few examples of

This paper reflects on the increasing role played by algorithms in management today by situating this trend in the context of a long-standing debate about the distinction between leadership and management. Our guiding question concerns the role of humans in what might be called ‘algorithmic leadership’, understood as an advanced form of algorithmic management that is making redundant some of the e

This article explores some of the key institutional challenges hindering the development of a new ‘social’ housing cooperative model in Finland. In response to rising housing unaffordability and insecurity in the private housing sector, and a retrenching social housing sector, Finland is experiencing a resurgence of practical and political interest in housing cooperatives. Based on a document stud

We review the use of science by lawmakers and courts in implementing or rejecting legal rights for nature in Ecuador, India, the United States, and other jurisdictions where some type of rights of nature have been recognized in the legal system. We then use the “right to evolve” to exemplify how interdisciplinary work can (i) help courts effectively define what this right might entail; (ii) inform

The nervous mechanisms for bladder emptying and urine storage involve a complex pattern of afferent and efferent signaling in parasympathetic, sympathetic, and somatic nerves. During voiding, contraction of the detrusor muscle is preceded by a relaxation of the outlet region, thereby facilitating the bladder emptying. Kim et al. found that 14 of 31 patients with overactive bladder (OAB) and noctur

Providing a novel research methodology for students and scholars with an interest in dynasties, at all levels, this book explores the Spanish Habsburg dynasty that ruled the Spanish monarchy between c. 1515 and 1700. Instead of focusing on the reigns of successive kings, the book focuses on the Habsburgs as a family group that was constructed in various ways: as a community of heirs, a genealogica

This open access book shows how geographical scales are made through music.Scales are sets of spatial frames, abstractions or categories that denote the size, proportion, level, extent or hierarchical relations of phenomena. They are neither natural nor neutral but actively produced, with real political effects. But what role do cultural practices play in the production of scale?Phil Dodds address