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Conditional random fields were trained to detect marker words for negation and speculation in two corpora belonging to two very different domains: clinical text and consumer review text. For the corpus of clinical text, marker words for speculation and negation were detected with results in line with previously reported interannotator agreement scores. This was also the case for speculation marker
The aim was to update the 2009 European League against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc), with attention to new therapeutic questions. Update of the previous treatment recommendations was performed according to EULAR standard operating procedures. The task force consisted of 32 SSc clinical experts from Europe and the USA, 2 patients nominated by the
Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) is a promising advanced combustion mode for future engines. In order to investigate the sensitivity of PPC to exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate, intake gas temperature, intake gas pressure, and injection timing, these parameters were swept individually at three different loads in a single cylinder diesel engine with gasoline-like fuel.A factor of sensitivity
Ever since the invention of the internal combustion engine, there has been an interest in optimizing the in-cylinder pressure to achieve reliable and efficient work output. With the use of in-cylinder pressure sensors, piezoelectric injector actuation, the possibility of multiple injection events and the increased availability of computation power, cycle-to-cycle, in-cylinder pressure optimization
Modelica allows systems to be described with reuseable components and with a high precision. To be able to use such complex models efficiently, high demands are set on tools that allow the user to extract the information needed from the models in a straight-forward manner. For this purpose, design-of-experiments techniques can be used to systematically analyze the complex models.In this paper, it
The paper presents an interdisciplinary study in the field of automatic gender and age identification, under the scope of sociolinguistic knowledge on gendered and age linguistic choices that social media users make. The authors investigated and gathered standard and novel text features used in text mining approaches on the author’s demographic information and profiling and they examined their eff
This is an overview paper that motivates and describes performed work done in the European Commission funded research project BASTION, which focuses on two critical problems of modern electronics: the No-Fault-Found (NFF) and CMOS ageing. New defect classes contributing to NFF have been identified, including timing related faults (TRF) at board level and intermittent resistive faults (IRF) at IC l
Popular Abstract in Swedish Betændelses reaktionen er kroppens svar på en skade eller en infektion. Betændelses reaktionen gør at immunforsvarets celler kaldes til det skadede område (kan ses som den røde varme hævelse omkring et sår) og at eventuelle sygdomsfremkaldende emner identificeres og bekæmpes. På lidt længere sigt, fjernes ødelagt væv og helingen af såret påbegyndes. Når det skadede områThe pro-inflammatory mediators leukotrienes have shown to be important players in the pathogenesis of diseases like asthma and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients suffering from IBD have been found to have an increased risk of developing colon cancer. Since leukotrienes have been shown in increased concentrations in stools of IBD patients we hypothesise that LTD4 can play a role in the deve
Aims. We have measured and calculated lifetimes of high lying levels in Nb II, and derived absolute transition probabilities by combining the lifetimes with experimental branching fractions. Methods. The lifetimes were measured using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence in a two-photon and two-step excitation scheme. The branching fractions were measured in intensity calibrated spectra from a
The knowledge concerning electricity consumption, and especially load demand, in Swedish commercial buildings is very limited. The current study deals with methods for electricity consumption indicator development and application of the different methodologies on measured data. Typical load shapes and consumption indicators are developed for four different types of commercial buildings: schools, h
