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Most organisms that ever lived on Earth lacked skeletons and have therefore escaped preservation in the geological record. This fact makes it hard to accurately trace the evolution of multicellular organisms and the tree of life. However a handful faunas did get exceptionally well-preserved, including their soft-bodied members, just when complex lifeforms diverged 550 million years ago. Geochemica
Background: Implementation of clinical health promotion (CHP) aiming at better health gain is slow despite its effect. CHP focuses on potentially modifiable lifestyle risks such as smoking, alcohol, diet, and physical inactivity. An operational program was created to improve implementation. It included patients, staff, and the organization, and it combined existing standards, indicators, documenta
Objective: Glucose dysregulation is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease development through synaptic dysfunction resulting in cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to study the interplay between impaired glycaemic metabolism (hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance), cardiac stress (cardiac troponin T and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide) and execut
The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems is particularly sensitive to climatic changes in autumn and spring(1-4), with spring and autumn temperatures over northern latitudes having risen by about 1.1 degrees C and 0.8 degrees C, respectively, over the past two decades(5). A simultaneous greening trend has also been observed, characterized by a longer growing season and greater photosynthetic a
Background: As a renewable energy solution, photovoltaics (PVs) are crucial in the transition to a more sustainable energy system. Besides large PV installations, household adoption of PVs will be an important contribution to this transition. However, the adoption of PVs on a household level faces many barriers, with gathering and understanding information being one of the major barriers. The aim
Based on Marcus theory, the photoinduced electron transfer properties of D-A type non-fullerene acceptor organic solar cells (OSCs) under the dependence of external electric field (Fext) were investigated. The research results shown that the charge transfer mode under different Fext intensities changes with certain regularity. Focusing on the important parameters (ΔG, λ, and VDA) that affect the c
We introduce the concept of subalgebra spectrum, Sp(A), for a subalgebra A of finite codimension in K[x]. The spectrum is a finite subset of the underlying field. We also introduce a tool, the characteristic polynomial of A, which has the spectrum as its set of zeroes. The characteristic polynomial can be computed from the generators of A, thus allowing us to find the spectrum of an algebra given
Aims. The central region of a circumstellar disk is difficult to resolve in global numerical simulations of collapsing cloud cores, but its effect on the evolution of the entire disk can be significant. Methods. We used numerical hydrodynamics simulations to model the long-term evolution of self-gravitating and viscous circumstellar disks in the thin-disk limit. Simulations start from the gravitat
The aim of this study was to derive dietary patterns associated with cardio-metabolic traits and to examine whether these predict prospective changes in these traits and incidence of the metabolic syndrome (iMetS). Subjects from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study cardiovascular cohort without cardio-metabolic disease and related drug treatments at baseline (n 4071; aged 45-67 years, 40 % men) were in
Atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences are the leading cause of death in the western hemisphere. While many studies throughout the last decades have aimed at understanding the disease, the clinical markers in use today still fail to accurately predict the risks. The role of the current main clinical indicator, low density lipoprotein (LDL), in depositing fat to the vessel wall is believed t
En vårdnadstvist hör ofta samman med föräldrars separation, vilken kan grunda sig i en konflikt föräldrarna emellan. Domstolens prövning kan även komma att påverka barnet i olika hänseenden. Det händer att en förälder hävdar att det finns en risk för barnet att vara med den andra föräldern. Det kan vara en anklagelse om att den andra föräldern allvarligt har misshandlat barnet eller föräldern, misChild custody cases brought before a civil court often consist of a conflict between two parents. A child custody dispute may also affect the child in several aspects. A parent may claim there is a risk to the child when spending time with the other parent. Such an allegation may consist of child abuse, domestic violence, substance abuse, child abduction or mental ill health. The enumerated circum
Hållbar utveckling är idag ett centralt begrepp och en vision inom alla tänkbara samhällsområden. Det utgör kärnan i svensk planeringslagstiftning. Såväl kommunalt översiktsplanearbete som regionalt utvecklingsarbete har tydliga perspektiv för en hållbar utveckling. Sveriges samhällsorganisation kan karaktäriseras av ett timglas med en stark stat, starka kommuner och en svag regional nivå i mitten
Om man fotojoniserar en atom, dvs. sliter loss en elektron genom att belysa atomen, kommer elektronen att skjuta iväg från atomen med en hastighet som beror på ljusets energi. Dock kommer atomkärnan att försöka få elektronen att återvända, jfr gravitationen. Om dessutom ett elektriskt fält, såsom infrarött laserljus verkar på elektronen under jonisationen och efteråt, kommer elektronen rörelse yttIn this thesis, a program was implemented to study the electron dynamics of photoionization. These dynamics are probed by a streaking infrared field, that modulates the electrons' trajectories. Analytical quantum mechanical calculations for such systems are impossible without approximations or atoms more complex than hydrogen. However, using classical mechanics and Monte Carlo methods to captu
The thesis explores the interaction between finance and the state, how the conditions of that interaction has changed and how that may affect the international financial system. It combines an evolutionary approach to geopolitical theorizing and complexity theory to suggest a basic model for the system-level analysis of the interaction between states in the contemporary international financial sys
By applying a novel approach to evaluate photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence (PFLIF) imaging, experimental quantitative information on the temporal in-cylinder distribution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine was extracted. The results from PFLIF were then compared to those obtained from chemical kinetics simulations using computational
Besökarna kring Ivösjön har på senare år märkt av en förändring av vegetationen kring och i Ivösjön och därigenom en förändring av strandlinjens utformning. Sjön tycks allt mer växa igen av vass och flytbladsväxter, vilket tyder på en eutrofieringsprocess. I den här rapporten jämförs flygbilder från olika tidpunkter under en 70-års period fram till och med idag för att se om sjön verkligen har vuxThe visitors around Ivösjön have recently discovered observed a change in the vegetation around and into the lake and consequently a change in the formation of the shoreline. The lake appears to have been increasingly filled up by reed and floating leaf plants which points to an eutrophication process. In this report aerial photographs are compared from a period of 70 years up until today to disco
Problem: More information is needed on how a company can overcome hardship during stormy business cycles. Appropriate management strategies on how to get the business going as the dust settles is essential in order for a company to sustain on the market. Management in any recession is difficult, especially in today´s turmoil. Nonetheless, corporate strategic renewal is needed to mitigate the risk
The purpose of this work has been to perform numerical calculations on the cubical mixing tank the QB mixer, to be able to verify its strength and try to improve it. The QB mixer is produced by the company QB FoodTech AB. Firstly a CAD model was made from drawings of the mixer. Then the structure was analysed in aspects of pressure load, thermal loads and gravitational load. A modal analysis to ge
