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We introduce the concept of subalgebra spectrum, Sp(A), for a subalgebra A of finite codimension in K[x]. The spectrum is a finite subset of the underlying field. We also introduce a tool, the characteristic polynomial of A, which has the spectrum as its set of zeroes. The characteristic polynomial can be computed from the generators of A, thus allowing us to find the spectrum of an algebra given
Capturing ultrafast phenomena requires imaging techniques capable of resolving events occurring on femtosecond time scales. Traditional high-speed cameras are limited by electronic readout speeds and cannot reach the terahertz (THz) frame rates necessary to observe processes such as laser filamentation, plasma formation, or light-matter interactions in general. To overcome these limitations, this
BACKGROUND: Falls are common among older persons and can have a major impact on their lives. Wearable sensors used in free-living conditions (moving naturally in one's daily living environment) can be used to predict falls and fall risks. To understand if using the wearable sensors is an acceptable way for older persons to be screened for fall risks, it is important to have knowledge of older pers
The thesis explores the interaction between finance and the state, how the conditions of that interaction has changed and how that may affect the international financial system. It combines an evolutionary approach to geopolitical theorizing and complexity theory to suggest a basic model for the system-level analysis of the interaction between states in the contemporary international financial sys
When working in collaborative projects with team members with different expertises, often from different companies, communicative and collaborative challenges that obstructs decision-making can arise due to team members having different objectives. In order to avoid problems and conflicts, good documentation of decision related information is required. The project was performed at Yolean AB, a com
Musical meaning is multifaceted: both highly sensory and yet often abstract, able to cross cultural boundaries and yet embedded in specific traditions. For the most part it is not denotational (Monelle, 1991). Nevertheless, in “programmatic music”, musical themes are intended to refer to worldly objects and events on the basis of iconic (and indexical) grounds. Such non-arbitrariness of the sound-
Konformitetsprincipen är den grundläggande rättsprincipen i den straffrätts-liga ansvarsläran som ger besked om att den som inte hade förmåga eller tillfälle att kunna rätta sig efter lagen inte bör bli straffrättsligt ansvarig för ett brott. Detta eftersom ett straffansvar i den situationen hade varit orätt-färdigt och meningslöst. Den som inte kunde rå för sin brottsliga gärning ska således inteThe Conformity Principle is a fundamental legal principle within the Swedish system of criminal liability that states that those who did not have capacity or opportunity to act in accordance with the criminal law should not be punished for a crime. Numerous rules and several legal principles can be derived from The Conformity Principle. The rationale behind the Conformity Principle is that it woul
Since the feminist movement developed today, women still face the challenges of gender inequality. In some countries, women even cannot see the hope for change. Hence, when aiming to counteract gender inequality, it is important to address the macro level and the micro level. The research focuses on the micro level of resistance to gender inequality instead of large-scale protest movements to exp
The emergence of artificial intelligence, especially machine-learning methods, challenges the set of legal guarantees put in place in Europe to combat discrimination and ensure equal treatment. This paper will focus on cases of algorithmic discrimination in the context of recruitment as a business practice. Particular in the field of recruitment of workers, which has always been a field where EU n
The Swedish construction industry is an example of a trade largely dominated by men. The main purpose of this study is to examine how said male dominance affects companionship among workers by analysing male homosociality and hegemonic masculinity. Based on six separate interviews with both male and female construction workers, this study explores the attributes that constitute an ideal constructi
Friköps-, utköps- och budgivningsklausuler i aktieägaravtal är ett ämne som det idag finns undermålig kunskap och forskning om i det svenska näringslivet och associationsrätten. Friköps- och utköpsklausuler ger aktieägare möjligheter som ABL motstrider och som i bolagsordning begränsar. Denna uppsats undersöker aktieägaravtals förmåga att realisera överlåtelsebindningar som låter aktieägare begränBuy out clauses in shareholders’ agreement is a subject with defeciant knowledge and research in Swedish business and Swedish business law. Buy out clauses gives shareholders’ possibilities that neither Swedish company law or Swedish companies’ articles of associations allows. This thesis investigates the shareholders’ agreements possibilities to implement restrictions on the transferability on co
What level of influence should market actors be allowed to exert over consumers’ transactional decisions? While persuasive marketing is inherent to free markets and therefore uncontroversial, relatively recent research in the field of behavioural economics about systemic errors in human decision-making has shown just how susceptible consumers are to the will of market actors. Within a rapidly evol
Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur nyanställda socialsekreterare upplevde sin introduktion vid början av ett nytt arbete och att få en uppfattning om hur introduktionens upplägg kan påverka arbetsmotivationen. Även det psykiska välbefinnandets påverkan av stress under introduktionen har granskats. Till detta användes en kvalitativ metod och semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på sex socialsThe purpose of the study was to research how newly hired social service workers experience their introduction at the beginning of a new employment, and to get a notion of how the setup of the introduction may affect the work motivation. Also, how the mental well-being is affected during the introduction has been researched. The study uses a qualitative method and semi-structured interviews with si
Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur nyanställda socialsekreterare upplevde sin introduktion vid början av ett nytt arbete och att få en uppfattning om hur introduktionens upplägg kan påverka arbetsmotivationen. Även det psykiska välbefinnandets påverkan av stress under introduktionen har granskats. Till detta användes en kvalitativ metod och semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på sex socialsThe purpose of the study was to research how newly hired social service workers experience their introduction at the beginning of a new employment, and to get a notion of how the setup of the introduction may affect the work motivation. Also, how the mental well-being is affected during the introduction has been researched. The study uses a qualitative method and semi-structured interviews with si
Title: What kind of leasing is investor pleasing? Seminar date: January 14th, 2015 Course: Bachelor thesis in Business Administration Authors: Emma Björklund, Matilda Lodin and Robin Wallberg Dahlqvist Advisor: Peter W Jönsson Key words: Leasing, investor, qualitative characteristic, IAS 17, capitalization Purpose: To examine to what extent the new lease standard meets the five qualitative c
The initiating impetus of this project was a frustration over the en-masse inaction experienced in relation to the climate crisis. Although people are aware of necessary actions few are able to act. This project attempts to understand people’s inability to act whilst looking at ways to counter this apathy through behavioral change. Through research on convenience, human behavior and inaction we a
I detta arbete behandlas tre kategorier av ingrepp: omskärelse, könsstympning och estetisk intimkirurgi. Dessa tre regleras mycket olika inom svensk rätt. Den estetiska intimkirurgin är tillåten och möjlig att genomgå efter att personen som ska undergå ingreppet har fyllt 18 år. Omskärelser är även de tillåtna, och en sådan är möjlig att genomgå på egen begäran som myndig, såväl som på föräldrars This work deals with three categories of procedures: circumcision, female genital mutilation and aesthetic genital surgery. These three are regulated very differently in Swedish law. Aesthetic intimate surgery is permitted and possible to undergo after the person who is to undergo the procedure has turned 18 years old. Circumcision is also permitted, and is possible to undergo at one's own req
