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Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling ger en introduktion till laser-plasma acceleratorer, vilket även utgör ämnet för de vetenskapliga artiklar som ingår i avhandlingen. Det är en ny typ av acceleratorer som utnyttjar mycket kraftfulla lasrar för att accelerera elektroner och protoner. Partikelacceleratorer används för att ge partiklar hög rörelseenergi, vilket kan utnyttjas för många olikThis thesis presents experimental results related to laser plasma accelerators. These rely on very different principles from conventional particle accelerators. They are able to accelerate particles over a very short distance and produce synchrotron x-rays at the same time, potentially providing a compact particle accelerator and x-ray source for many future applications. The laser pulses used in

The visual system in animals and humans consists of a number of information processing units that are here called visual routines. These routines are specialized in handling different cognitive tasks, for example, object recognition, motion, stereo, color, texture, and optic flow. together, these routines contribute to the internal representation of the visual world. On the top of this network of

This thesis deals with physical limitations on scattering and absorption of acoustic and electromagnetic waves. A general dispersion relation for the extinction cross section of such waves is derived from the holomorphic properties of the scattering amplitude in the forward direction. The result states that for a given volume, there is only a limited amount of scattering and absorption available i

BACKGROUND: Microarray experiments are increasing in size and samples are collected asynchronously over long time. Available data are re-analysed as more samples are hybridized. Systematic use of collected data requires tracking of biomaterials, array information, raw data, and assembly of annotations. To meet the information tracking and data analysis challenges in microarray experiments we reimp

In 1987 we noticed excess adipose tissue in a patient with arm lymphedema and later, objective studies confirmed this clinical finding in patients with non-pitting arm lymphedema following breast cancer. A prospective study was begun in 1993, and its long-term results (15 years) shows overall complete reduction of the excess volume in patients with non-pitting arm lymphedema and that adipose tissu

Configuration management (CM) includes synchronizing and supporting developers in their common development and maintenance of a system. The rapid development of the Internet and time-to-market pressure affects software development. In order to utilize skilled personnel despite geographical location, groups of developers are now working all over the world on the development of common systems, a sit

Arterial cardiovascular disease and neighborhood deprivation are associated. However, no study has determined whether neighborhood deprivation is associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). We aimed to determine whether there is an association between neighborhood deprivation and hospitalization for VTE, and whether effects vary across sociodemographic groups. The entire Swedish population aged

Popular Abstract in Swedish Även om vi i dagens samhälle försöker minska vårt beroende av förbränningsprocesser är förbränning fortfarande vår största energikälla och förväntas så förbli under en lång tid. Därför är det viktigt att effektivisera förbränningsprocesserna för att maximera den energi som utvinns medan utsläppen samtidigt minimeras. En av de oönskade biprodukterna vid förbränning är soThis work has been aimed at developing and applying laser-induced incandescence (LII) for flame soot characterization. The basic principle of LII is rapid heating of the soot particles to temperatures of 3500-4000 K by short laser pulses. Thereby the intensity of the soot incandescence is increased. By detection of this increased incandescence and analysis of the detected signal, the volume fracti

In this paper, we study the problem of joint permutor analysis and design for J-dimensional multiple turbo codes with J constituent encoders, J>2. The concept of summary distance is extended to multiple permutors of size N and used as the design metric. Using the sphere-packing concept, we prove that the minimum length-2 summary distance (spread) Dmin,2 is asymptoticly upper-bounded by O(N J-1/J).

Recent research and practice have led to the development of relatively complex methods for inquiry which can be applied by human analysts wishing to investigate an organizational problem-space. However, it has appeared until recently that use of these methods could not be supported by software tools, since the limitations of traditional mathematical algorithms constrained their development. In con

Fast and reliable time and frequency synchronization is crucial for packet-based orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) systems. In this paper we compare and analyze preambles for OFDM systems based on repeated OFDM data symbols or repeated short pseudonoise sequences (PN-sequences). We make an analytical evaluation for AWGN channels and simulate the performance in oneand two-tap Rayleigh

In this work, we describe a new Monte Carlo (MC) simulation method to investigate highly coupled fluids in confined geometries at a constant chemical potential. This method is based on so-called multi-scale Hamiltonian methods, wherein the chemical potential is determined using a more amenable Hamiltonian for a fluid in an "outer"region, which facilitates standard methods, such as grand canonical

Previous research has argued that related variety enhances regional innovation as inter-industry knowledge spillovers occur more easily between cognitively similar industries. In this study, we engage with empirical operationalization of what is ‘related’ in related variety. We argue, based on theoretical grounds, that estimating regional knowledge production functions requires related variety mea

This work investigates dovetail joints as a means to mount pre-wound coils in an electrically excited rotor for a synchronous machine for EV application. The aim is to manufacture a prototype of a direct cooled machine with hollow rectangular rotor windings which requires a rotor design where the windings can be applied on the poles separately. Two experimental tensile tests are made to validate t

Galectins are a family of soluble proteins that bind β-D-galactopyranoside-containing glycoconjugates through their conserved carbohydrate-recognition domains. Galectins have emerged as promising drug targets due to their involvement in various pathological conditions, such as tumor growth and metastasis, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, as well as metabolic disorders.This first part of the t

Pollinators are critical for food security; however, their contribution to the pollination of locally important crops is still unclear, especially for non-bee pollinators. We reviewed the diversity, conservation status, and role of bee and non-bee pollinators in 83 different crops described either as important for the global food market or of local importance. Bees are the most commonly recorded c

Tensor-valued diffusion encoding facilitates data analysis by q-space trajectory imaging. By modeling the diffusion signal of heterogeneous tissues with a diffusion tensor distribution (DTD) and modulating the encoding tensor shape, this novel approach allows disentangling variations in diffusivity from microscopic anisotropy, orientation dispersion, and mixtures of multiple isotropic diffusivitie