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Purpose: “Scale purification” – the process of eliminating items from multi-item scales – is widespread in empirical research, but studies that critically examine the implications of this process are scarce. The goals of this research are threefold: to discuss the methodological underpinning of scale purification, to critically analyze the current state of scale purification in supply chain manage
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. AF treatment involves management of precipitating factors, rate- and rhythm control and anticoagulation for prevention of stroke and systemic thromboembolism. The aims of this thesis were to describe clinical practice in prescription of anticoagulation therapy and trends in ischemic stroke incidence among AF patients, to rep
This thesis addresses the application of spatial approaches to disease surveillance and control from three different aspects. First, temporal trends, geographical distribution and spatial pattern of cardiovascular disease admission rates were explored on a national level in Sweden. Global Moran’s I was used to explore the structure of patterns and Anselin’s local Moran’s I was applied to explore t
We consider efficient methods for the partitioned time-integration of multiphysics problems, which commonly exhibit a multiscale behavior, requiring independent time-grids. Examples are fluid structure interaction in e.g., the simulation of blood-flow or cooling of rocket engines, or ocean-atmosphere-vegetation interaction. The ideal method for solving these problems allows independent and adaptiv
Aims: The role of resection remains debated in cases of metastatic gastric carcinoma (mGC). Some mGCs are technically resectable. At the population level, the real-world application of resection for mGC remains largely unclear in most Western countries. This large, population-based international investigation aimed to reveal the resection patterns and trends for mGC and the treatment-associated fa
In this presentation, I continue previous work on extracting consequences for the design of integration policies from research on participatory sense-making in cognitive science. Participatory sense-making was introduced in cognitive science in the early 21st century. The idea, roughly, is that social understanding consists in mutually inclusive social face-to-face real-time participation in pursu
This chapter examines the role and responsibilities of the individual academic developer and how these reflect the context of the engagement. It considers how different responses to the development context can be identified - not as a prescription designed to treat each individual case, but as a framework for evaluating the need and creating an environment for meeting it successfully. It will make
This study investigates particulate matter (PM) and regulated emissions from renewable rapeseed oil methyl ester (RME) biodiesel in pure and blended forms and contrasts that to conventional diesel fuel. Environmental and health concerns are the major motivation for combustion engines research, especially finding sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels and reducing diesel PM emissions. Fatty acid
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented many challenges that have spurred biotechnological research to address specific problems. Diagnostics is one area where biotechnology has been critical. Diagnostic tests play a vital role in managing a viral threat by facilitating the detection of infected and/or recovered individuals. From the perspective of what information is provided, these tests fall into t
Digital signatures are widely deployed to authenticate the source of incoming information, or to certify data integrity. Common signature verification procedures return a decision (accept/reject) only at the very end of the execution. If interrupted prematurely, however, the verification process cannot infer any meaningful information about the validity of the given signature. We notice that this
Across the world, the pandemic has made many of us rapidly change (at least temporarily) how we organize, work, and live, provoking a series of urgent questions. What is our relationship with the family, community, environment and the state? How should we structure our work? How do we value essential work and workers? How are we going to live, work, and organize differently in a post-pandemic worl
After emerging in China in late 2019, the novel Severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread worldwide and as of early 2021, continues to significantly impact most countries. Only a small number of coronaviruses are known to infect humans, and only two are associated with the severe outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavir
After emerging in China in late 2019, the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread worldwide, and as of mid- 2021, it remains a significant threat globally. Only a few coronaviruses are known to infect humans, and only two cause infections similar in severity to SARS-CoV-2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, a species closely related
This paper gives a brief overview of the Gaia Research for European Astronomy Training (GREAT) network, including a description of the GREAT-ESF Research Network Programme and the GREAT Initial Training Network (GREAT-ITN). Scientific highlights from the GREAT-ITN are noted.
BACKGROUND: Assessments of age-specific mortality and life expectancy have been done by the UN Population Division, Department of Economics and Social Affairs (UNPOP), the United States Census Bureau, WHO, and as part of previous iterations of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD). Previous iterations of the GBD used population estimates from UNPOP, which were not d
Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for breast cancer improves relapse-free survival (BCRFS) and overall survival. Differences in terms of efficacy and toxicity could partly be explained by the significant interpatient variability in pharmacokinetics which cannot be captured by dosing according to body surface area. Consequently, tailored dosing was prospectively evaluated in the PANTHER trial
Cities are increasingly facing major transportation challenges, and new sustainable solutions are needed. New ICT-enabled services can be part of solving the problems, including both improving and finding new transportation services and providing digital access to different services. It is important to identify which services have the best potential for environmental benefits (e.g., travel reducti
Sugars and starches belong to the category of carbohydrates, which are important energy sources for organisms and nonessential nutrients in the human diet. Sugars are mono- or disaccharides that can be immediately transformed to energy by organisms. Starches, on the other hand, are polysaccharides, a space-efficient storage of energy for organisms. Before transforming polysaccharides into energy f
