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In this paper, we propose a new methodology for optimal memory mapping of data and instructions to Scratch-Pad Memories (SPM). In the mapping process, we optimize, as the main priority, the number of memory accesses to minimize power consumption. Minimization of external memory accesses lowers switching activity and therefore power consumption. The optimization is done by finding Pareto-points, us
The traditional sheet metal forming process, including cast steel die tool and conventional work materials, is fairly well established and analysed. Developments of new alternative materials make great demands upon new forming processes and manufacturing methods. A general goal for the manufacturing industries is to reduce the weight of metal parts, reduce batch sizes and reduce the lead-time of n
The legal empowerment approach is a recent attempt to be specific about the role of institutions for the future eradication of poverty. This is a broad concept that includes not only the national formal judicial system in a country, but all formal and informal institutional structures providing the rules of the game of human interaction in any given society. It has invited a lot of debate as to wh
Soot particles can be formed in hydrocarbon flames as a result of an inefficient combustion process. The particles are near-spherical, and normally a few tens of nanometers in diameter. At later stages in the soot growth process, they form chain-like sparse aggregates. When applying optical diagnostic methods such as combined scattering and extinction measurements in sooting flames, this aggregati
Peptide therapeutics offer advantages in specificity and affinity, yet the potential propensity to self-associate and aggregate poses a challenge for the development of stable oral formulations. This master’s thesis evaluates the utility of the fluorescent dye Thioflavin T as a structural probe to monitor the aggregation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, specifically Liraglutide and Se
This thesis examines how young people in Finland make sense of profit-oriented drug selling and construct drug dealer identities. Drug use and related harms have increased globally in recent years. In Finland, an increase in minors selling drugs for financial profit has been noticed by the police and a non-governmental youth work organization Children of the Station. The aim of this thesis is to e
Researchers trialing behavioral interventions often use attention control groups, but few publish details on attention control activities or perceived benefit. Attention control groups receive the same dose of interpersonal interaction as intervention participants but no other elements of the intervention, to control for the benefits of attention that may come from behavioral interventions. Becaus
We present new BVI photometry containing 40,000 stars of the Galactic globular cluster M15 (NGC 7078) covering a 25×25 arcminute area centered on the cluster with a magnitude range from the tip of the Red Giant Branch to three magnitudes below the main sequence turn-off. Using α -enhanced Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Program models, we find an age of 13.0 ± 1.0 Gyr and distance modulus of (
Objective: To achieve universal coverage of reproductive healthcare and drastic reduction in maternal mortality, adequate attention and resources should be given to young women. This study therefore aimed to examine the inequality trends in the use of antenatal care (ANC) services and skilled birth attendance (SBA) within a subgroup of Ghanaian women aged 15-24 years between 2003 and 2014. Design:
We report on experimental absolute oscillator strengths for 18 UV lines of Ru II, obtained by combining laser-induced fluorescence measurements of radiative lifetimes and branching fractions from line intensities in a calibrated Fourier-transform spectrum. HST/GHRS observations of the spectrum of the sharp-lined B star chi Lupi contain six of these lines, for which ''astrophysical'' relative f-val
Proteins G and PAB are bacterial albumin-binding proteins expressed at the surface of group C and G streptococci and Peptostreptococcus magnus, respectively. Repeated albumin-binding domains, known as GA modules, are found in both proteins. The third GA module of protein G from the group G streptococcal strain G148 (G148-GA3) and the second GA module of protein PAB from P.magnus strain ALB8 (ALB8-
Two-step steam pretreatment of softwood on laboratory scale has previously been shown to result in higher yields than one-step steam pretreatment. In this study, these results are verified on a larger scale. In an industrial process filtration and washing of the material between the two pretreatment steps are difficult without release of pressure. A worst case without filtration or washing was thu
A scintillating fibre tracker is proposed to measure elastic proton scattering at very small angles in the ATLAS experiment at CERN. The tracker will be located in so-called Roman Pot units at a distance of 240 m on each side of the ATLAS interaction point. An initial validation of the design choices was achieved in a beam test at DESY in a relatively low energy electron beam and using slow off-th
A general model for pressure drop calculations in siphons and riser tubes has been developed. The model takes into account different physical flow phenomena such as the inlet pressure drop and the pressure drop in the tube. For each phenomenon, we applied theory and established correlations to calculate the separate accelerational, frictional, gravitational, and centrifugal pressure drops. Model r
Background and Purpose-A low risk of recurrent stroke and death after lacunar infarction has previously been reported, but follow-up has been limited to less than or equal to5 years. Methods-One hundred eighty patients with pure motor stroke, collected between 1983 and 1986 from a hospital-based stroke registry, were followed up until at least 10 years after the index stroke. Two patients were los
