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Intensification of arable crop production degrades soil health and production potential through loss of soil organic carbon. This, potentially, reduces agriculture's resilience to climate change and thus food security. Furthermore, the expected increase in frequency of adverse and extreme weather events due to climate change are likely to affect crop yields differently, depending on when in the gr
Clinical trial results have recently demonstrated that inhibiting inflammation by targeting the interleukin-1β pathway can offer a significant reduction in lung cancer incidence and mortality, highlighting a pressing and unmet need to understand the benefits of inflammation-focused lung cancer therapies at the genetic level. While numerous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have explored the g
Background and aims: Genetic loci associated with CHD show different relationships with intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery (IMT-CCA) and in the bulb (IMT-bulb). We evaluated if IMT-CCA and IMT-bulb differ also with respect to circulating protein profiles and risk of incident atherosclerotic disease. Methods: In three Swedish cohorts (MDC, IMPROVE, PIVUS, total n > 7000), IMT-CCA a
Introduction: Understanding how hematopoietic stem- and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are regulated is of central importance for the development of new therapies for blood disorders and for regenerative medicine. Traditionally, however, HSPC regulation has been studied in model systems, and little is known about the situation in vivo in humans. Methods: To learn how HSPCs are regulated under native con
Background: Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), e.g. relaxation parameter mapping, may be sensitive to structural and compositional tissue changes, and could potentially be used to non-invasively detect and monitor early meniscus degeneration related to knee osteoarthritis. Objective: To investigate MR relaxation times as potential biomarkers for meniscus degeneration through comparison
We evaluated if plasma biomarkers can predict incident peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and mortality in a longitudinal cohort study. Men (n = 3618) and women (n = 1542) were included in the Malmö Preventive Project and underwent analysis of: C-terminal endothelin-1 (CT-proET-1), N-Terminal prosomatostatin (NT-proSST), midregional proatrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), procalcitonin (PCT), an
Inflammatory processes may provoke epileptic seizures and seizures may promote an immune reaction. Hence, the systemic immune reaction is a tempting diagnostic and prognostic marker in epilepsy. We explored the immune response before and after epileptic and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). Serum samples collected from patients with videoEEG-verified temporal or frontal lobe epilepsy (T
Genetic variation at the MTIF3 (Mitochondrial Translational Initiation Factor 3) locus has been robustly associated with obesity in humans, but the functional basis behind this association is not known. Here, we applied luciferase reporter assay to map potential functional variants in the haplotype block tagged by rs1885988 and used CRISPR-Cas9 to edit the potential functional variants to confirm
As found in the health studies literature, the levels of climate association between epidemiological diseases have been found to vary across regions. Therefore, it seems reasonable to allow for the possibility that relationships might vary spatially within regions. We implemented the geographically weighted random forest (GWRF) machine learning method to analyze ecological disease patterns caused
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied for their potential benefits in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and have reported mild effects when trialed within human clinical trials. MSCs have been investigated in preclinical models with efficacy when administered at the time of lung injury. Human integrin α10β1-selected adipose tissue-derived MSCs (integrin α10β1-MSCs) have
Phagocytosis is relevant for many research fields and is often measured as a functional outcome. However, accurate quantification can be challenging, and many researchers find it difficult to study in a robust manner. There are many ways to measure phagocytosis, but what is often overlooked is the importance of experimental design and how the analysis is planned and performed. Experimental factors
Antibody binding to bacterial surfaces plays a crucial role in immunity, and a key characteristic of this protein-protein interaction is the binding affinity. Determining the affinity of an antibody binding to its antigen is the first step in predicting the function in a physiological environment where other competing protein interactions may be present. Antibody-antigen affinity is often evaluate
Steady state and ultrafast spectroscopy on [FeIII(phtmeimb)2]PF6 (phtmeimb = phenyl(tris(3-methylimidazol-2-ylidene))borate) was performed over a broad range of temperatures. The intramolecular deactivation dynamics of the luminescent doublet ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (2LMCT) state was established based on Arrhenius analysis, indicating the direct deactivation of the 2LMCT state to the doubl
AbstractIntroductionSelenium deficiency has been associated with mortality, cardiovascular disease and worsened prognosis in heart failure (HF). In a recent population-based study, high selenium levels were shown to be associated with reduced mortality and reduced incidence of HF, but only in non-smokers. Here, we aimed to examine if selenoprotein P (SELENOP), a main selenium carrier protein, is a
PURPOSE: (i) To report the prevalence of participants to a first-line intervention for OA in Sweden using over-the-counter (OTC) and/or prescribed NSAIDs; (ii) To estimate the accuracy of dispensed prescriptions of NSAIDs recorded in a Swedish health-care register to capture the use of NSAID considering clinician-report as reference standard.METHODS: Register-based study. We used data from OA indi
Bioelectronics can potentially complement classical therapies in nonchronic treatments, such as immunotherapy and cancer. In addition to functionality, minimally invasive implantation methods and bioresorbable materials are central to nonchronic treatments. The latter avoids the need for surgical removal after disease relief. Self-organizing substrate-free organic electrodes meet these criteria an
Propagation-based phase contrast imaging with a laboratory x-ray source is a valuable tool for studying samples that show only low absorption contrast, either because of low density, elemental composition, or small feature size. If a propagation distance between sample and detector is introduced and the illumination is sufficiently coherent, the phase shift in the sample will cause additional cont
Specificity of cellular responses to distinct cues from the ECM requires precise and sensitive decoding of physical information. However, how known mechanisms of mechanosensing like force-dependent catch bonds and conformational changes in FA proteins can confer that this sensitivity is not known. Using polarization microscopy and computational modeling, we identify dynamic changes in an orientati
Low dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with self-tapped exciton (STE) emission have stimulated a surge of cutting-edge research in optoelectronics. Despite numerous efforts on developing versatile low-dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with efficient STE emissions, there is little emphasis on the intrinsic dynamics of STE-based broad emission in these materials. Here, we investigated
