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Purpose: Previously reported associations of protein-rich foods with stroke subtypes have prompted interest in the assessment of individual amino acids. We examined the associations of dietary amino acids with risks of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke in the EPIC study. Methods: We analysed data from 356,142 participants from seven European countries. Dietary intakes of 19 individual amino acids
Background Five modifiable risk factors are associated with cardiovascular disease and death from any cause. Studies using individual-level data to evaluate the regional and sex-specific prevalence of the risk factors and their effect on these outcomes are lacking. Methods We pooled and harmonized individual-level data from 112 cohort studies conducted in 34 countries and 8 geographic regions part
Budding off from the broader developmental biology and stem cell research fields, cellular reprogramming is now established as a prominent discipline in its own right. Direct cell reprogramming is defined as the cell fate conversion of a somatic cell toward another identity without a pluripotent intermediate state. In addition to the opportunity for mechanistic dissection of lineage commitment in
Primitive, neonatal and adult erythroid cells have been previously shown to have an active pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) that fuels various processes. However, it is unclear whether the PPP plays a role during the emergence of erythroid progenitors from hemogenic endothelium (HE). In this study, we explored PPP and its genetic regulation in developmental erythropoiesis. We induced hematopoietic
There is a great need for techniques which enable reproducible separation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from biofluids with high recovery, purity and throughput. The development of new techniques for isolation of EVs from minute sample volumes is instrumental in enabling EV-based biomarker profiling in large biobank cohorts and paves the way to improved diagnostic profiles in precision medicine.
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is one of the backbones for today’s electronic device fabrication. A critical property of ALD is the layer-by-layer growth, which gives rise to the atomic-scale accuracy. However, the growth rate - or growth per cycle - can differ significantly depending on the type of system, molecules used, and several other experimental parameters. Typically, ALD growth rates are c
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest malignancies and potentially curable only with radical surgical resection at early stages. The tumor microenvironment has been shown to be central to the development and progression of PDAC.A better understanding of how early human PDAC metabolically communicates with its environment and differs from healthy pancreas could help improve
Alteration of natural disturbances in human-modified landscapes has resulted in many disturbance-dependent species becoming rare. Conservation of such species requires efforts to maintain or recreate disturbance regimes. We compared benefits of confining efforts to habitats in protected areas (a form of land sparing) versus integrating them with general management of production land (a form of lan
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe psychiatric disorder, with a prevalence of 1–2% world-wide and substantial health- and social care costs. The pathology is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, however the underlying cause still remains elusive. SZ has symptoms including delusions, hallucinations, confused thoughts, diminished emotional responses, social withdrawal and anhedonia. The
Background: End-stage renal disease is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events. It is unknown, however, whether mild-to-moderate kidney dysfunction is causally related to coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Methods: Observational analyses were conducted using individual-level data from 4 population data sources (Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, EPIC-CVD [European Prospective
Analysis of DNA methylation is a valuable tool to understand disease progression and is increasingly being used to create diagnostic and prognostic clinical biomarkers. While conversion of cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (5mC) commonly results in transcriptional repression, further conversion to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is associated with transcriptional activation. Here we perform the first st
Background: Egressibility has been defined as a person–environment fit issue and describes accessibility to means of evacuation. Although egressibility concerns everyone, it has become a useful concept particularly in relation to safety and accessibility for people with functional limitations, commonly highlighted as a vulnerable group in egress scenarios. Egressibility is an important safety fact
The presence of amyloid fibrils of α-synuclein is closely associated with Parkinson's disease and related synucleinopathies. It is still very challenging, however, to systematically discover small molecules that prevent the formation of these aberrant aggregates. Here, we describe a structure-based approach to identify small molecules that specifically inhibit the surface-catalyzed secondary nucle
Aims: Exhaled breath particles have been explored for diagnosing different lung diseases. We recently showed in an experimental model that different cardiac output results in different particle flow rate (PFR) from the airways. Given the well-known close relationship between impaired cardiac function and respiratory failure, we hypothesized that PFR in exhaled air can be used to detect cardiac fai
BackgroundWomen are at a greater risk of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) after percutaneous coronary intervention than men. A history of preterm delivery is a female-specific risk factor for coronary artery disease, but its relevance in the treatment of coronary artery disease is unknown.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to analyze the association between a history of preterm del
Objectives Evaluate the natural course of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) healing on MRI within 5 years of acute ACL rupture and compare 2-year and 5-year outcomes based on healing status and treatment group. Methods Secondary analysis of 120 Knee Anterior Cruciate Ligament Nonsurgical vs Surgical Treatment (KANON) trial participants randomised to rehabilitation and optional delayed ACL reconstru
The aggregation of the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is one of the molecular hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although Aβ deposits have mostly been observed extracellularly, various studies have also reported the presence of intracellular Aβ assemblies. Because these intracellular Aβ aggregates might play a role in the onset and progression of AD, it is important to investigate their possible origi
Birds breeding in urban environments have lower reproductive output compared to rural conspecifics, most likely because of food limitation. However, which characteristics of urban environments may cause this deficiency is not clear. Here, we investigated how tree composition within urban territories of passerine birds is associated with breeding probability and reproductive success. We used 7 year
Purpose: To present age- and sex-specific cumulative annual incidences of primary traumatic lateral patellar dislocation (LPD) and to detail patient characteristics and concomitant chondral injuries including osteochondral fractures, as visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in a large consecutive cohort of knee-injured individuals. Methods: Data on primary traumatic lateral patellar disl
