Filetype
Purpose: Use of mechanical imaging (MI) as complementary to digital mammography (DM), or in simultaneous digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and MI - DBTMI, has demonstrated the potential to increase the specificity of breast cancer screening and reduce unnecessary biopsies compared with DM. The aim of this study is to investigate the increase in the radiation dose due to the presence of an MI sens
Steadily increasing use of computer-generated models sets high demands on the realistic representation of breast tissue and abnormalities. Previously, we demonstrated the use of Perlin noise to simulate breast lesions. Now, we expand the previous model by simulating heterogeneous lesion composition. We demonstrate a new approach to simulating 3D soft tissue lesions, with additional benefits of Per
Nowadays organisms encounter not only natural challenges from predators but also significant anthropogenic stressors, such as insecticides, which can profoundly disrupt their normal growth and behavior. However, the knowledge on their potential interactions remains largely unknown, particularly regarding how insecticides may affect predator-prey interactions and prey responses across multiple gene
The onset and development of Alzheimer’s disease is linked to the accumulation of pathological aggregates formed from the normally monomeric amyloid-β peptide within the central nervous system. These Aβ aggregates are increasingly successfully targeted with clinical therapies at later stages of the disease, but the fundamental molecular steps in early stage disease that trigger the initial nucleat
Soil aggregate stability has been asserted as an indicator of soil quality. Earthworms are essential for the stability of soil aggregates due to their activities, including burrowing and organic matter decomposition. In this study, we focused on how differences in plant litter quality influences earthworm abundance and composition and, subsequently, macroaggregate stability in an agroforestry ecos
Background: Guidelines recommend neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Current recommendations do not consider genomic profiles, although the Basal/Squamous (Ba/Sq) subtype is less likely to respond to NAC compared to Urothelial-like (Uro) and Genomically Unstable (GU) subtypes. The aim of this study is to perform cost-effectiveness a
Globally, 3 billion people rely on solid biomass fuel for their everyday cooking, most often using inefficient cooking practices, leading to high exposure levels of household air pollution. This is subsequently associated with negative health and climate impact. Further, the inefficient use of biomass fuels applies pressure on natural forests, resulting in deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and
In a world where insect pollinator declines are a reality, understanding their effects on the reproduction and persistence of wild plant species is vital to contribute to decisions for appropriate conservation strategies. This is especially true in areas which host a high species diversity, like European semi-natural grasslands. In fragmented habitats in particular, pollinator availability can be
Objective: This study aimed to compare cumulative [fresh and frozen embryo transfers from one ovarian stimulation (OS) cycle] pregnancy and live birth rates in women for whom the choice between recombinant FSH (rFSH) and urinary FSH (uFSH) for OS was linked to FSH receptor (FSHR) N680S genotype and compared these to non-genotyped controls.Methods: To define the optimal combination of FSH type and
The interactions between aerosols and clouds are still one of the largest sources of uncertainty in quantifying anthropogenic radiative forcing. To reduce this uncertainty, we must first determine the baseline natural aerosol loading for different environments. In the pristine and hardly accessible polar regions, the exact nature of local aerosol sources remains poorly understood. It is unclear ho
With calls for increased greenery in cities to safeguard biodiversity and its associated benefits to humans, urban vegetation must be managed carefully and efficiently. It is time to change paths from current spurious attempts to manufacture resilience and instead usher in evidence-based urban greening to secure ecosystems for the future.
AIMS: Diet is a determinant of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with coronary disease as predominant cause of pre-mature death. To analyse how diet was associated with coronary atherosclerosis, including plaque features.METHODS AND RESULTS: The cross-sectional population-based study using data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS) included 24 079 adults aged 50-64 years, recruited
Despite the importance of mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) in long-term soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) persistence, and the significant contribution of fungal necromass to this pool, the factors controlling the formation of fungal-derived MAOM remain unclear. This study investigated how fungal necromass chemistry, specifically melanin, interacts with soil mineral properties and microbial
As the field of metal halide perovskites matures, a range of compositionally different perovskite films has found a place in efficient optoelectronic devices. These films feature variable local structural stability, carrier diffusion, and recombination, while there is still a lack of easy-to-implement generic protocols for high-throughput characterization of these variable properties. Correlation
Thermoacoustic effects arise when a temperature gradient is present in a sound field. This work investigates the interplay of orthogonal sound and thermal fields in a water-filled microchannel. We measured the three-dimensional streaming in the water-filled cavity for only sound applied, for only thermal gradient, and for the two fields combined. The resulting thermoacoustic streaming was 30 times
Purpose: A multimodal artificial intelligence (MMAI) biomarker was developed using clinical trial data from North American men with localized prostate cancer treated with definitive radiation, using biopsy digital pathology images and key clinical information (age, PSA, and T-stage) to generate prognostic scores. This study externally validates the biomarker in a prospective, real-world dataset of
Objective Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic disease with variable vascular involvement. The objective was to investigate predictors of time-dependent large-vessel involvement (LVI) in a population-based cohort of patients with GCA. Methods GCA patients with positive temporal artery biopsies (TAB) between 1997- 2010 were identified through a regional pathology register. A structured review o
High-speed vertical In–Ga–As nanowire MOS field-effect transistor (MOSFET) measurements were analyzed through parametric layout models. Measurements from small and large transistors were used to fit dependencies on the number of gate fingers and the number of wires per finger. Extrapolations via intrinsic and parasitic elements reveal the optimal layout for peak frequency performance. To achieve a
