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In recent years, the automotive industry has increasingly prioritized comfort to meet rising consumer expectations for luxurious car experiences. Comfort, a subjective concept associated with well-being and relaxation, encompasses multidimensional aspects rooted in physical, psychological, and functional aspects. While existing comfort models focus mainly on seated positions and sensations like fa

The energy system is undergoing significant changes and is expected to continue to evolve. Energy demand is anticipated to increase, as is renewable energy capacity, and technical solutions are advancing. For electrical power, traditionally centralized production is increasingly complemented by distributed production, transforming fundamental system functionality. These developing factors will aff

Background: Severe Alpha-1-Antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), phenotype PiZZ, is a leading cause of liver disease in neonates, children, and adults. Nevertheless, the prevalence of liver disease and mortality within PiZZ adults remains unclear. Between 1972 and 1974, a cohort of 129 individuals with severe AATD (PiZZ) was identified through the Swedish national screening of 200,000 newborns. The cohor

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Its association with venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been inconsistently reported. We investigated the association between MetS and VTE, and the influence of sex and abdominal obesity. We included 12,788 middle-aged and older adults from the re-ex

Questions: How did α-, β- and γ- plant diversity of coastal dune slack plant communities change over 37 years during a period of significant changes in conservation management practices?. Location: Ainsdale Sand Dunes National Nature Reserve, England. Methods: We surveyed plant communities in dune slacks at Ainsdale Sand Dunes National Nature Reserve at two time points: in 1985 and in 2022. This p

Background: Limited evidence exists for effect modification of genetic characteristics on the associations of food consumption and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D). Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether the food-T2D association would vary by genetic susceptibility to metabolic traits. Methods: We analyzed data from 9542 incident T2D cases and a subcohort of 12,477 participants nested within th

The formation of InSb quantum dots (QDs) embedded in an InAs matrix grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) was studied parametrically. In particular, the effect of the sequence of the change of As2 dimers and Sb2 on the distribution of As and Sb at the InSb-QDs/InAs interface was investigated by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was shown that additional As2 above the InSb

A computational method to simulate bimolecular quenching reactions using coarse-grained reaction-diffusion dynamics is presented and applied to the quenching of molecular photosensitizers in solution. The simulations describe photoinduced reactions involving explicit excited states of light-harvesting species together with intrinsic deactivation, as well as collision quenching from separate quench

BACKGROUND: Digital symptom checkers might help facilitate effective triage in primary healthcare. However, evidence regarding their acceptance among healthcare professionals remains limited. Identifying key factors of adoption is essential for successful integration into clinical practice.This study aims to identify factors most relevant to nurses' acceptance of a newly implemented digital triage

Women are born with thousands of ovarian follicles, yet less than 1% will ovulate a mature oocyte. What distinguishes the 99% of follicles destined for demise from the rare 1% that succeed? Here, we leveraged a unique clinical opportunity, paired follicular fluid samples from small antral follicles containing either a viable or an atretic oocyte within the same patients, to uncover the proteomic d

Spatial representations are a fundamental aspect of cognition. It remains largely unknown when and why the capacity to neurally represent space first evolved. In this opinion article, we argue that a strong candidate for the earliest such representation is the encoding of head direction. Dedicated circuits that compute head direction by integrating self-motion and external cues have been described

Animals need to balance exploiting an available resource against exploring the environment for potentially better alternatives. A new study has revealed that fruit flies integrate long-term metabolic state and recent feeding experience to produce sophisticated search behaviors, which, surprisingly, do not rely on the fly’s internal compass.

Absorption of chemicals through the skin affects occupational and environmental exposure to diverse compounds. We previously showed that loss-of-function (null) mutations and low–copy number variants (CNV) of Filaggrin (FLG), which encodes a key skin barrier protein, increased dermal chemical absorption; however, the FLG genotype did not explain all the observed variation. Here, we explore the eff

Introduction: Adnexal surgery is one of the most common surgeries performed in women. Minimally invasive methods are on the rise globally as they have been shown to decrease surgical morbidity compared with abdominal surgery. Adnexal surgery by vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) is the latest innovation. It combines the vaginal approach and endoscopy via the vagina. L

We present a model dielectric function composed of critical point functions in order to parameterize the temperature and wavelength dependencies of the dielectric function of InAs. This model is based on Adachi’s critical point model, with simple wavelength-dependent analytical functions whose parameters change linearly with temperature. The calculated dielectric function at room temperature is in

OBJECTIVE: To explore temporal changes in incidence of major psychiatric disorders across sociodemographic subgroups in Sweden.METHODS: This population-based open cohort study included all individuals born during 1958-1994 and residing in Sweden at any time during 2004-2019. We identified psychiatric disorders registered in inpatient and outpatient specialist care. We calculated person-years from

Background: High-quality assessment of prostate MRI is fundamental in both clinical practice and screening. There is a lack of national level data on variability in prostate volume measurement and PI-RADS assessment. Methods of quality assurance need to be developed. Methods: All Swedish radiology departments were invited to participate in an external quality assurance of prostate MRI reading. Ten

The main goal of my studies was obtaining bulk acoustofluidic devices able to achieve high energy density inside a water-filled cavity. This led us to explore the interplay of sound and thermal effects more in details. Hence, this thesis covers both thermoacoustic effects in Bulk Acoustic Wave devices and a revisited approach for designing them, focusing on achieving good performance. Thermoacoust

Herein, a model is developed to study the polarization-selective light-coupling in quantum well infrared photodetector arrays with 15 and 30 μm pixel pitch. The polarization-selective light-coupling is achieved using 1D lamella gratings with varying grating orientation and studied through 2D and 3D finite-element method simulations. The extracted absorption quantum efficiency ηabs, derived from th