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The search for predictors of plant diversity has challenged scientists for decades. Here we identify intense photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) as a major factor constraining plant species richness in global grasslands. We show that the strength of the negative relationship between species richness and PAR increases with increasing elevation and that species richness is more strongly correl
Background SLE is a systemic autoimmune disease with a large number of common risk gene variants, but several rare gene variants can cause monogenic SLE. The relationship between common and rare variants in SLE is unclear. We therefore investigated the occurrence of rare deleterious variants in patients with childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) and adult-onset SLE (aSLE) and compared the frequency of these
Background: Late effects of polio (LEoP) are defined as new symptoms, for example, muscle weakness, fatigue, and pain, occurring many years after an acute polio infection. These impairments can lead to difficulties performing everyday activities (ie, activity limitations) that can reduce a person's ability to take part in society (ie, perceived participation restrictions). Yet, no study has explor
Objectives: To assess level of degeneration in human knee cartilage and meniscus in donors without clinically-evident knee arthritis, in relation to age and sex. Further, to investigate the association between cartilage and meniscus degeneration. Design: Histological sections of knee cartilage and meniscus from 44 deceased donors (ages 18–85 years) without clinically-evident osteoarthritis or infl
This thesis investigates particle sorting in deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) microfluidic devices, with a focus on how particle size and shape influence sorting behavior. A broad range of synthetic and biological particles were studied, including polystyrene particles, fabricated silicon-based structures, and bacterial samples with diverse physical properties.While DLD has traditionally b
We have previously found using questionnaire/interview data on COVID-19 outcomes, that most subjects with severe alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) exhibit mild COVID-19 infection and those who additionally have COPD are at increased risk of severe COVID-19. We used objective information on COVID-19 outcomes in severe AATD (PiZZ) from the Swedish population and compared the risk of severe COVID
Wetting and dewetting dynamics in aqueous solutions containing amphiphilic compounds involve intricate interactions that influence contact angles and surface tension, with broad implications in materials science and biology. This study explores the dynamics of wetting and dewetting on glass surfaces in aqueous media containing the amphiphilic compound C18OE84, focusing on capillary rise behavior.
Disruptions in gut microbiome are implicated in cardiometabolic disorders and other health outcomes. Antibiotics are known gut microbiome disruptors, but their long-term consequences remain underexplored. Here we combined individual-level data from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register with fecal metagenomes of 14,979 adults to examine the association between oral antibiotic use over 8 years and gu
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major opportunistic pathogen, where the polysaccharide capsule is traditionally recognized as a critical virulence determinant. However, its role in surface interactions and intracellular adaptation remains incompletely understood. Here, we combined phenotypic assays with physicochemical analyses to dissect the contribution of the capsule. A wza knockout mutant displ
Objective: So-called responder analyses are commonly used in randomized controlled trials (RCT) for osteoarthritis and are typically based on observed change from baseline in self-reported pain. However, it is well known in the methodological literature that such responder analyses are misleading. We aimed to illustrate the size of the problem using simulation. Design: We generated individual pain
The production of neuroepithelial stem (NES) cells, a promising therapeutic candidate for neurological conditions such as stroke and spinal cord injuries, faces significant manufacturing challenges, particularly in quality control (QC). Specifically, current QC methods rely on labor-intensive manual assessments that are costly, time-consuming, and subject to operator bias, limiting scalability and
Despite rapid clinical translation, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived therapies face limited global adoption. Harmonized quality control (QC) remains absent, with even fundamental parameters evaluated inconsistently across laboratories. To address this, we conducted two international Quality Assessment Rounds (QARs): QAR 2019 (18 sites, 11 countries) and QAR 2023 (23 sites, 12 countries
Objective To compare longitudinal speech outcomes at ages 5 and 10 years in foreign-born and Swedish-born children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP ± L), and assess impact of cleft type, additional diagnosed conditions, sex, and age at completed primary palatal surgery.DesignLongitudinal, registry-based cohort study.SettingRegional public care university hospitals in Sweden.Particip
Articular cartilage undergoes structural and compositional changes during osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common joint diseases. Earlier research shows that these changes are dependent on species and joint site, and they also vary across cartilage depth. In this study, we analyzed the depth-wise proteoglycan and collagen contents, as well as collagen fibril orientation angle and fibril alignm
Several factors contribute to the use, non-use, or inadequate use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in construction work. This study aimed to analyse correct usage of various PPE, such as helmet, ear protectors, goggles, respiratory mask, gloves, protective clothing, and a safety harness. Correct usage was assessed as guessability, which refers to human perceptions of how to don, adjust, use,
OBJECTIVE: There is sparse evidence for the association of suitable food substitutions for red and processed meat on the risk of type 2 diabetes. We modeled the association between replacing red and processed meat with other protein sources and the risk of type 2 diabetes and estimated its population impact.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Inte
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder and second most common neurodegenerative disease. The principal hallmark of the pathology is represented by a loss of mesencephalic Dopaminergic neurons (mesDA) that reside in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Another feature of the disease is represented by formation of abnormal protein aggregates, known as Lewy Bodies (LBs),
