Filetype
Objectives. The aim of this study was to analyse the risk of valvular heart diseases among foreign-born individuals in Sweden. Design. This was a nationwide study of individuals aged 18 years of age and older (N = 6,118,649; 2,970,055 men and 3,148,594 women). Valvular heart diseases were defined as at least one registered diagnosis in the National Patient Register between 1 January 1998 and 31 De
Background: Multimorbidity is a rising global phenomenon, placing strains on countries’ population health and finances. This systematic review provides insight into the costs of multimorbidity through addressing the following primary and secondary research questions: What evidence exists on the costs of multimorbidity? How do costs of specific disease combinations vary across countries? How do mul
The durability and long-term applicability of catalysts are critical parameters for the commercialization and adoption of fuel cells. Even though a few studies have been conducted on hollow carbon spheres (HCSs) as supports for Pt in oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) catalysis, in-depth durability studies have not been conducted thus far. In this study, Pt/HCSs and Pt/nitrogen-doped HCSs (Pt/NHCSs)
Active prechamber combustion systems for SI engines represent a feasible and effective solution in reducing fuel consumption and pollutant emissions for both marine and ground heavy-duty engines. However, reliable and low-cost numerical approaches need to be developed to support and speed-up their industrial design considering their geometry complexity and the involved multiple flow length scales.
Tight binding models are widely used in large scale electronic structure calculations of nanostructures. Their atomistic nature makes them flexible, but also means the computational cost increases rapidly with system size. The large number of calculations required to design nanostructures makes computational efficiency desirable. We have developed a method to increase computational speed while ret
The gallides YbNi3Ga9 and YbCu3Ga8 were obtained from flux growth reactions of Yb, various transition metals M, and Ga, to test a stability diagram that predicts the formation of ternary intermetallic phases. The structure of YbNi3Ga9 was redetermined to resolve discrepancies in the literature. For an untwinned crystal of YbNi3Ga9, the ErNi3Al9-type structure was confirmed (space group R32, a =
Objective: Given the public health importance of opioid use disorder (OUD), we sought to understand better its risk predictors in the Swedish general population. Method: We examined the Swedish population, born 1950–1970 (n = 2,092,359), and followed through 2018. Using Cox, logistic, and co-sibling models, we explored associations between a wide range of putative risk factors and a first onset of
Nanowires have many interesting properties that are of advantage for solar cells, such as the epitaxial combination of lattice-mismatched materials without plastic deformation. This could be utilized for the synthesis of axial tandem-junction nanowire solar cells with high efficiency at low material cost. Electron-beam-induced current measurements have been used to optimize the performance of sing
Lower extremity artery disease (LEAD), a chronic condition with disturbed lower extremity circulation due to narrowing of the arteries, is predominantly caused by atherosclerosis and is associated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and an increased risk of cardiovascular events. LEAD is prevalent among older individuals and predicted to rise with the ageing population. In progressive
Background Functional somatic disorders (FSD) feature medical symptoms of unclear etiology. Attempts to clarify their origin have been hampered by a lack of rigorous research designs. We sought to clarify the etiology of the FSD by examining the genetic risk patterns for FSD and other related disorders. Methods This study was performed in 5 829 186 individuals from Swedish national registers. We q
Herein we report the first high turnover photocatalytic hydrogen formation reaction based on an earth-abundant FeIII-NHC photosensitiser. The reaction occurs via reductive quenching of the 2LMCT excited state that can be directly excited with green light and employs either Pt-colloids or [Co(dmgH)2pyCl] as proton reduction catalysts and [HNEt3][BF4] and triethanolamine/triethylamine as proton and
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how otherwise healthy older adults with self-assessed voice problems relate to their voice and voice changes. Method: Focus groups were conducted at an activity center to identify how older adults reflect on their own voice and the aging voice in general. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. The analysis was done using thematic content a
Single crystals of Mg9Ge5.1(2) were obtained at a pressure of 5 GPa in the temperature range 723 to 1273 K. The metastable high-pressure phase exhibits a crystal structure, which may be described as a host-guest variety of an UCl3-type framework. The atomic arrangement is characterized by a host crystal structure Mg9Ge3 with disordered germanium guests (≈2 Ge per formula unit) in the channels. The
Aims: Participation in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (exCR) increases aerobic capacity and improves outcomes in patients following myocardial infarction (MI) and is therefore universally recommended. While meta-Analyses consistently report that participation in exCR reduces cardiovascular mortality, there are conflicting results regarding effects on total mortality. Presently, many eligibl
The composition of the reducing gas in the activation of Co Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts determines the nature of the catalytically active Co species. This study reports on the effect of H2versus syngas (H2/CO = 2) on the reducibility of Co3O4nanoparticles supported on hollow carbon spheres, using ex situ and in situ high-resolution aberration-corrected analytical electron microscopy. High-
We investigate the role of the coupling between a spin-orbit coupled semiconductor nanowire and a conventional s-wave superconductor on the emergence of the topological superconducting phase with Majorana bound states in an applied magnetic field. We show that when the coupling is strong, the topological phase transition point is very sensitive to the size of the superconductor and in order to rea
Climate change and anthropogenic activities are producing a range of new selection pressures, both abiotic and biotic, on marine organisms. Although it is known that climate change can differentially affect fitness-related traits at different trophic levels of the food web, it is not clear if different trophic levels will respond via phenotypic plasticity in the form of maintenance of phenotypes i
This thesis investigates growth of III – V semiconductor nanowire (NW) arrays, in a core- branch architecture, with the aim to develop diffusion driven light emitting diodes (LED) on NWs. Diffusion driven LEDs are based on the concept of decoupling the active region from the p-n junction. The carriers are injected by diffusion in the active region, because of the bandgap difference between the pn
