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The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of vertical brand extensions on consumer perceptions and brand equity. The aim of this study is to take a strategic brand management perspective in order to answer two research questions: How does a vertical brand extension affect the brand? How does a vertical brand extension affect consumer perceptions of the core brand? The main finding in thi
The song of many songbirds can be thought of as consisting of variable sequences of a finite set of syllables. A common approach in understanding the structure of these songs is to model the syllable sequences with a Markov Model. The Markov Model can either allow one-to-one (Markov Chain), many-to-many (Hidden Markov Model) or many-to-one (Partially Observed Markov Model) state to syllable mappin
During the Age of Mass Migration, 30 million Europeans left their home countries and emigrated to the United States. Sweden had one of the highest out-migration rates of the era. Between 1860 to 1920, around 1.3 million people–a quarter of the population–left Sweden to seek opportunity in the United States. This essay delves into one particular aspect of this historic migration episode. I study t
The infraorder Ceratopsia, or horned dinosaurs, within the clade Dinosauria, shows a specific, restrained migratory pattern. Therefore, the classical view presented by Sereno (1999), of a monodirectal migratory event from Asia to North America via the Bering’s Strait has been commonly accepted in its simplicity. Another hypothe-sis presented during the same time by Chinnery (1998) suggests a migra
This work has performed a visual discourse analysis over the Swedish armed forces latest commercial campaign, called “What are you going to do?” from 2021, which was aimed at young women. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the Swedish armed forces portray women in their commercial campaign. By doing this, it is possible to make out the organization’s view on gender and women in their ranks. T
In response to a period of low inflation and near-zero interest rates, the Swedish central bank initiated Quantitative Easing (QE) in 2015. While the impact of QE on bank lending has been studied in the US and UK, its effects in Sweden remains under-researched. We study the effects of QE on residential bank lending in Sweden through the liquidity, bank lending and bank capital channels. Using a on
After the Swedish parliamentary election in 2014, votes of no confidence became considerably more frequent; While they used to occur once or twice per decade, after the 2014 election, six votes of no confidence occurred within seven years. The purpose of this study is to explain why this happened. Furthermore, it develops a new theory for explaining by combining two existing theoretical approaches
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within product development has emerged as a significant area of research, especially in 2022-2023. However, there is a lack of empirical research on how AI tools are integrated into the product development process, especially within the ideation stage of startups, and what challenges and opportunities arise from this integration. Our thesis explores
After Edward Snowden exposed the mass surveillance practices of the US intelligence services in 2013, personal data protection has taken a prominent position in the legal systems of various jurisdictions, including the European Union. The Safe Harbour agreement regulating the flows of personal data transfers between the US and the EU at that time was soon invalidated by a ruling of the European Co
Stopping unsafe work is not only a legal but moral necessity for those that perform work in safety critical industries. Stop Work Authority Cards, Interventions, Refusals of Unsafe Work and the Andon Cord have become symbolic and physical abstractions of decentralization – a shifting of authority down to those which perform the dirty and dangerous work. Paradoxically, the manner in which these for
This paper examines how Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) affects Economic Growth and Total Factor Productivity (TFP) for recipient countries in Latin America. The study investigates whether FDI generates positive spillover effects, leading to a higher increase in TFP than domestic investments. According to the Schumpeterian model increasing in TFP would lead to a higher economic growth rate (Lucas,
The determination of the built-up area of a refugee camp is an important task as it can be used for estimating the population. While high resolution satellite imagery can be costly, since 2015 Sentinel-2 data has become available through the European Space Agency. Sentinel-2 offers 10 m resolution images with frequents updates. In this paper three methodologies are compared for the purpose of esti
Ethical trends across the Western hemisphere of Global Civil Society (GCS) may equal ethics to be out of date, unless it is globalized in, an ethically justifiable manner, which in this paper is called ”ethicalization”. Whether the ethical current can catch momentum with globalizations speed of time, concurrently maintaining consistency is a challenge faced by Civil Society Organizations (CSOs), a
The process of associative inference is one that is vulnerable to social biases and misinformation. Previous research has shown that associative inference, where separate yet related episodes are combined into unified memory representations, benefits from ingroup contexts relative to outgroup contexts. The present study investigated whether these effects arise from differences in source monitoring
The ongoing trade conflict has received much attention, and many politicians, as well as economists, wonder what the consequences will be. To shed some light on what the trade effects might be, we empirically analyse the trade effects of a very similar trade conflict. This paper examines the trade effects of the US safeguard of 2002 on Swedish steel exports. While the main focus of the analysis is
Sweden’s decision to apply for Nato membership in 2022 represents a significant shift in its longstanding security policy of military non alignment. This text examines whether Sweden’s NATO application can be explained through the neorealist concepts of balancing and bandwagoning. Using a theory testing case study design, the analysis is based on official government documents, strategic doctrines,
