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Background: Video capsule enteroscopy (VCE) has revolutionized small bowel imaging, enabling visual examination of the mucosa of the entire small bowel, while MR enteroclysis (MRE) and CT enteroclysis (CTE) have largely replaced conventional barium enteroclysis. A new indication for MRE and CTE is the clinical suspicion of small bowel strictures, as indicated by delayed or non-delivery of a test c
År 2006 trädde datalagringsdirektivet i kraft med två terrorattentat i Europa i bagaget. Syftet var att harmonisera medlemsstaternas lagstiftning gällande lagring av trafikuppgifter samt förenkla förebyggande och utredande av allvarlig brottslighet. De uppgifter som teleoperatörerna skulle lagra rörde vem som kommunicerade med vem, när och var det skedde samt vilken typ av kommunikation som användIn 2006, following the two terror attacks in Europe; the European Council adopted the Data Retention Directive. There were two primary reasons behind the legislation; most importantly to simplify the prevention and investigation of serious crimes in the union, but also to harmonise the legislation surrounding retention of data among the Member States. The directive obligated telecommunications ope
Den 1 juli 2018 fick Sverige en ny våldtäktslagstiftning. Den nya lagstiftningen innebar att rekvisitet som skiljer olagligt och lagligt sexuellt umgänge förändrades. I tidigare våldtäktslagstiftning har tvång varit en förutsättning för att en våldtäkt skulle anses förövad. Med den nya regleringen står nu frivillighet i centrum för denna bedömning. Lagändringen föregicks av mycket debatt. Det diskOn the 1st of July 2018 Sweden changed the law on sexual assault. The new law meant that the prerequisite that separate sexual assault and legal sexual intercourse was changed. In previous legislation coercion was needed for a perpetrator to be convicted of sexual assault. The new law instead places voluntariness at the center of the court’s assessment. The amendment was preceded by much debate. T
Högsta domstolen har i två brottmål – mord respektive försök till mord – prövat om det är ställt utom rimligt tvivel att de tilltalade har gjort sig skyldiga till de brott som åklagaren påstår. Gemensamt för rättsfallen är att bevisningen bygger på indiciebevisning. Den klassiska definitionen av indicier är att de utgör indirekta spår av en brottslig gärning som pekar mot en viss gärningsman. På gIn two criminal cases – murder and attempted murder – the Supreme Court has tested whether it is beyond reasonable doubt that the defendants have committed the crimes alleged by the prosecutor. What the legal cases have in common is that the evidence is based on circumstantial evidence. The classic definition of circumstantial evidence is that they constitute indirect traces of a criminal act that
Att tvångsomhänderta ett barn är ett undantag från svensk inställning att vård ska ske genom frivillighet. Det är inget som görs lättvindigt och det krävs att det finns en påtaglig risk för att barnets hälsa eller utveckling annars kommer till skada. Men hur stora krav finns det i samband med vårdens avslutande, var ligger fokus när den bedömningen görs? Syftet med detta arbetet är att titta på föTo take a child into public care against the parents will is an exception from the Swedish standpoint that all care should be given on a voluntary basis. It requires that there is a noticeable risk that the child's health or development will come to harm. But what are the demands when deciding whether the care should come to an end? Where is the focus in that process? The aim of this study is
This thesis examines the role of political satire in the Bulgarian public sphere through the case of the satirical newspaper Pras Press. The bi-weekly publication is centered around political cartooning and reports on public affairs issues from pop culture to current events. It relies on online dissemination as its print editions have been, and continue to be, the object of censorship for the news
Algae blooms, induced by eutrophication, have been an increasingly prevalent environmental concern in the Baltic Sea since the 1970s, causing ecosystem degradation and hypoxia in bottom layers. One predominant harmful algae bloom-forming species in the Baltic Sea is the cyanobacteria Nodularia spumigena. N. spumigena produces hepatotoxin nodularin and is a diazotrophic alga; hence, it should be
In pursuit of a sustainable society, the bike possesses a central importance. It is important that the bike lanes meet the needs in terms of accessibility and safety. In the Netherlands, the UK and Denmark already exists so-called super cycle routes, which have proven to be very successful, as they contributed to the increased cycling, and at same time improved accessibility and comfort for the cy
This study analyses the interest rate setting policy of the Swedish central bank, the Riksbank. In particular, the paper addresses whether or not the Riksbank reacts to deviations in asset prices from trend levels when setting interest rates. To investigate these issues a modified version of the Taylor rule is used, and is adjusted to reflect an appropriate inflation targeting horizon and augmente
Av regeringsformens portalparagraf framgår att den svenska folkstyrelsen inte bara förverkligas genom ett representativt och parlamentariskt statsskick utan också genom kommunal självstyrelse. Begreppet ”kommunal självstyrelse” är emellertid så vagt att det ger utrymme för olika tolkningar. Uppsatsens syfte är därför att med tillämpning av den rättsdogmatiska metoden ut-reda vad som avses med kommChapter 1 art. 1 of the Instrument of Government declares that Swedish democracy is realised through a representative and parliamentary form of government and through local self-government. However, the term “local self-government” is vague and thus allows for differing interpretations. The initial purpose of this essay, therefore, is to explain the meaning it is given in the preparatory work and
Utsläpp av kväve i naturen är ett stort problem eftersom det till exempel kan bidra till övergödning och så kallade döda bottnar i sjöar i akvatiska och marina miljöer. Förmågan att kunna avlägsna kväve från avloppsvatten har därför blivit ett viktigt medel för att bevara och skydda miljön. Kväveavskiljning från kommunala avloppsvatten sker vanligtvis med hjälp av nitrifikation och denitrifikationEmissions of reactive nitrogen to the environment is of major concern, e.g. since it is known to contribute to eutrophication and dead sea floors in water bodies. The capability to remove nitrogen from wastewater has therefore become a critical means of preserving and protecting the environment. Conventional nitrogen removal from municipal wastewaters usually includes nitrification together with d
The increasing importance of technology in everyday life demands to look at this matter in the context of education as well. Whereas Educational Technology (EdTech) has been re-searched mainly in higher education, there is only little research focusing on primary schools. The education of students should not suffer from an inadequate engagement with EdTech. Nevertheless, there are countries like
Previous studies have found that launch prices reflect the therapeutic gains of pharmaceuticals (for instance: Ekelund and Persson, 2003, on Sweden and Lu and Comanor, 1998, on the US). Furthermore, Howard et al (2015) found that purely pharmaceutical costs to “Medicare” at launch for new anticancer drugs increased annually, from 1995-2013, after controlling for health benefits and inflation. This
Problemställning: Hur hållbart bygger LKF? Syfte: Att bidra till framtagandet av en ny, mer hållbar byggstandard. Metod: Litteraturstudie, intervjuer samt jämförelse mellan miljöcertifieringar och LKF:s byggstandard genom ett ”standardprojekt”. Slutsatser: Hållbart byggande har för denna rapport definierats som en balans mellan sociala-, ekonomiska-, ekologiska- och tekniska aspekter kopplat tiProblem: How sustainable does LKF build? Purpose: To contribute to a new construction standard that is more sustainable than the present one. Method: Litterature study, interviews and comparison of environmental assessments and LKF’s construction standard that is represented by a ’standard project’. Conclusions: Sustainable construction has for this report been defined as a balance between soci
Fastighetsköp präglas av betydande ekonomiska värden och ett omfattande regelverk, där jordabalkens strikta formkrav syftar till att säkerställa rättssäkerhet och eftertänksamhet. Samtidigt sker avtalsförhandlingar i svensk rätt som utgångspunkt på egen risk, vilket innebär att kostnader och dispositioner som vidtas före ett bindande avtal normalt inte ersätts om affären inte fullföljs. Denna ordnReal estate transactions are characterised by significant economic values and an extensive regulatory framework, in which the strict formal requirements of the Swedish Land Code aim to ensure legal certainty and careful deliberation. At the same time, contract negotiations under Swedish law are, as a general rule, conducted at the parties’ own risk, meaning that costs and dispositions undertaken p
Generally speaking, Computer based numerical hydrological models have been playing a very central role during the last decades in dealing with water resources related problems. Various kinds of conceptual, physical and stochastical models have been developed. Perhaps the most important contribution of those models is the ability of simplifying and schematizing a complex problem in the nature and s
Background: Hemodynamically obstructive coronary plaques may contain more vulnerable plaque characteristics than nonobstructive lesions. Objectives: The authors aimed to assess whether pressure-wire–based physiologic indices in nonculprit lesions are associated with vulnerable plaque characteristics. Methods: In the PROSPECT II study, patients with recent myocardial infarction underwent coronary a
Background: Portal vein embolization (PVE) may be used to induce hypertrophy of the future liver remnant (FLR) before major hepatectomy. The influence of hyperbilirubinemia on FLR hypertrophy after PVE is controversial. The aim of this study was to compare FLR hypertrophy after PVE between patients with and without elevated P-bilirubin. Materials/methods: This is a Scandinavian retrospective cohor
BACKGROUND: The management of femoral neck fractures (FNF) in elderly patients depends on comorbidities, pre-fracture mobility, any hip joint disease, and life expectancy, with treatment typically involving either hemiarthroplasty (HA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA). While cemented femoral stem fixation is standard, there is no clear consensus regarding cemented versus cementless cup fixation in
