Popular Abstract in Swedish Etanol som produceras från förnyelsebara råvaror kan ersätta fossila bränslen som t.ex. bensin och diesel. Denna avhandling behandlar den enzymatiska processen för etanolproduktion från barrträd. Baserat på datorprogrammen Aspen Plus och Icarus Process Evaluator har ett verktyg för tekniska och ekonomiska beräkningar tagits fram i vilket hela processen, från trä till etEthanol produced from renewable resources can be used to replace fossil fuels such as gasoline and diesel. This thesis deals with the development of the enzymatic process used for ethanol production from softwood. A techno-economic tool, based on Aspen Plus and Icarus Process Evaluator, was developed in which the whole process, from raw material to ethanol, was studied and critical process paramet

Respiratory chain Complex I or NADH:quinone oxidoreductase catalyzes oxidation of NADH in the mitochondrial matrix or bacterial cytoplasm and reduction of quinone in the membrane, coupled to pumping of 4H+/2e- across the membrane. The same enzyme complex is also capable of the reverse reaction, i.e. @D@mH+-supported NAD+ reduction. The molecular mechanism that couples electron transfer to proton p

At present, when economy and environment receive high priority, the ideal anaesthesia system with inhalation anaesthetics is a closed circle system in which only the gases which the patient consumes or produces are replaced or eliminated. Low-flow (LF) anaesthesia in which the fresh gas flow which is employed in a closed system, provides a stable system compares with closed anaesthesia systems. Co

The influence of the initial composition of an algal-bacterial microcosm constituted of Chlorella sorokiniana and Ralstonia basilensis was tested for the fed-batch degradation of salicylate at 5 mM. Salicylate degradation was always limited by the O-2 generation rate, which was initially proportional to the algal density, but rapidly became limited by the availability of light once the algae start

Twenty patients with type II diabetes mellitus and hypertension (WHO stages I and II) participated in a 3-month double-blind cross-over study to evaluate the effects of clonidine (75-300 micrograms daily) on blood pressure, glycemic control and plasma lipoproteins. Already after 1 month's treatment with clonidine the systolic and diastolic blood pressures had decreased, from 168/103 to 161/98 mmHg

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (Il-1ra) and interleukin-1beta (Il-1beta) can be detected in human carotid artery tissue, and whether their presence is related to evidence of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection, risk factors for atherosclerosis, and clinical data. SETTING: Departments of Vascular Diseases and Surgical Pathophysiology, University Hospital, Malmö,

This thesis is devoted to statistical problems in mobile communication, in particular disturbance rejection and change detection are studied. Co-channel interference is a significant problem for systems based on TDMA, e.g. EDGE. We show methods for detection and suppression of such interference, when the terminal is equipped with only one antenna. Our algorithms are able to detect an interferer fo

Abstract is not available

Aims The glycosphingolipid sulfatide (sulfated galactosyl-ceramide) increases exocytosis of beta-cell secretory granules, activates K-ATP-channels and is thereby able to influence insulin secretion through its presence in the islets. A closely related compound, sulfated lactosylceramide (sulf-lac-cer), is present in the islets during fetal and neonatal life when, as in Type 2 diabetes, insulin is

Interest in using the press-joining method for joining of thin sheets has increased during recent year, especially in the car industry. This is mostly a result of the economic advantages and the ability to join coated or unweldable sheets. With increased knowledge about those parameters that affect the press-joining process, the possibility of reducing or avoiding unwanted deviations in production

Recent progress in the study of surfactant-responsive polymer gels is reviewed. Polymer gels can be designed that drastically swell or shrink in response to small changes in the concentration of an ionic surfactant in an external bath containing the gel. The gel swelling isotherm, where the equilibrium gel volume is measured as a function of the external surfactant concentration, yields useful inf

A novel cationic hydrophobically associating comb polymer, containing poly(oxyethylene) chains in the back-bone, is described and investigated with respect to the aqueous solubility by cloud point measurements. Cloud points were investigated as a function of polymer charge, poly(oxyethylene) chain length and concentrations of added NaCl and could be interpreted in terms of the aqueous behavior of

Survivors from several concentration camps arrived in Sweden during the spring of 1945. The Ravensbrück archives, discussed here, contains more than 500 interviews with the survivors.

The Late Ordovician-Early Silurian succession in Jamtland includes the marine Kogsta Siltstone, which is unconformably overlain by the shallow-water Ede Quartzite that grades into the open-marine Berge Limestone. A Hirnantia shelly fauna dates the uppermost Kogsta Siltstone as Hirnantian, and shelly fossils indicate an Aeronian age for the Berge Limestone. Biostratigraphically highly diagnostic co

Tailbiting codes encoded by feedback convolutional encoders are studied. A condition for when tailbiting will work is given and it Is described how the encoder starting state can be obtained for feedback encoders in both controller and observer canonical forms. Finally, results from a search for systematic feedback encoders that encode tailbiting codes with good decoding bit error probabilities ar

Mast cells, visualized with toluidine blue staining and the Falck-Hillarp fluorescence technique, were mainly located around large blood vessels in the hilus region of the ovary in adult rats and in immature rats treated with PMSG. Histamine concentration in the rat ovary was significantly reduced after the LH surge in PMSG-treated animals, corresponding to a reduced number of ovarian mast cells.

Recension av Bosse Schön; Svenskarna som stred för Hitler. Ett historiskt reportage

Background: Severe or fatal complications attributable to gas embolus, major vascular injury, or visceral injury are rare but have been reported after blind access to the abdominal cavity in laparoscopy. The open access technique has been introduced with the aim to reduce these injuries. This report evaluates access-related complications with both blind and open access techniques in a teaching hos