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Background: Smoking is not associated with prostate cancer incidence in most studies, but associations between smoking and fatal prostate cancer have been reported. Methods: During 1992 and 2000, lifestyle information was assessed via questionnaires and personal interview in a cohort of 145112 European men. Until 2009, 4623 incident cases of prostate cancer were identified, including 1517 cases of

Abstract Objective. Our aims were to investigate the natural history of biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Sweden, its associated complications, the clinical and biochemical factors associated with more advanced liver disease and the survival rate with a mean follow-up time of 27 years. Material and methods. All subjects participating in the population-based prospective coh

Artificial nanobiomolecular architectures that follow natural examples in protein assembly become more and more important from basic and applied points of view. Our study describes the investigation on cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH), cytochrome c (cyt c), and silica nanoparticles (SiNP's) for the construction of fully catalytically active supramolecular architectures on electrodes. We report on in

We have investigated the electronic transport through 3 mu m long, 45 nm diameter InAs nanowires comprising a 5 nm long InP segment as electronic barrier. After assembly of 12 nm long oligo(phenylene vinylene) derivative molecules onto these InAs/InP nanowires, we observed a pronounced, nonlinear I-V characteristic with significantly increased currents of up to 1 mu A at 1 V bias, for a back-gate

While size has been widely used as a parameter in cellular separations, in this communication we show how shape and deformability, a mainly untapped source of specificity in preparative and analytical microfluidic devices can be measured and used to separate cells.

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is caused by germline mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. Two promoters, 1A and 1B, have been recognized in APC, and 1B is thought to have a minor role in the regulation of the gene. We have identified a novel deletion encompassing half of this promoter in the largest family (Family 1) of the Swedish Polyposis Registry. The mutation leads to

Purpose – The aim of this study is to test the assumption that ability to handle communication and liability of newness (LoN) is enhanced by academic entrepreneurship education and/or previous start‐up experience. Design/methodology/approach – The data collection includes a questionnaire with a total sample of 392 responding entrepreneurs in Sweden. Statistical analyses are made between entrepren

Accounting for bioenergy's carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, as done under the Kyoto Protocol (KP) and European Union (EU) Emissions Trading Scheme, fails to capture the full extent of these emissions. As a consequence, other approaches have been suggested. Both the EU and United States already use value-chain approaches to determine emissions due to biofuels - an approach quite different from that

In this study, principles of Cognitive Systems Engineering are used to better understand the human–machine interaction manifesting in the use of anaesthesia alarms. The hypothesis is that the design of the machine incorporates built-in assumptions of the user that are discrepant with the anaesthesiologist's self-assessment, creating ‘user image mismatch’. Mismatch was interpreted by focusing on th

Evidence from clinic-based studies suggests that the fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is associated with impairment in cognitive function though the mechanism is unclear. The aim of this analysis was to determine whether there is a similar association between chronic widespread pain (CWP), a cardinal feature of FMS, and impaired cognition in a community setting. Men (n = 3369, 40-79 years) were recruit

Ischaemic heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The common denominator for plaques causing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is lipid accumulation, either as a lipid core or lipid pools. An intracoronary imaging device to detect lipid-rich plaques (LRPs) could therefore identify most of the plaques causing ACS and sudden death. Near-infrared spectroscopy combined with intravascular ul

High-frequency ultrasound offers a potential for objective and quantitative assessment of skin thickness and skin echogenicity in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Few studies have however assessed the longitudinal changes of skin involvement using ultrasound. The aim of the study was to investigate changes in skin thickness in early SSc using high frequency ultrasound during one year of follow-up in comp

User-producer interactions have been recognized as important for innovation. With the rapid growth of emerging economies' markets, and an increasing degree of technological sophistication of both users and producers in those markets, user-producer interaction is becoming global. Using original firm-level data, this paper explores how collaboration with users in different income regions affects the

There is a worldwide emphasis to increase the share of renewable transportation fuels. When using agricultural land for production of renewable transportation fuels, the energy output per hectare for different crops and transportation fuels is a crucial factor. In this study, the gross methane energy yield per hectare from anaerobic digestion of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), was determined

Silver pollution has gained attention in the last few years because silver is being massively used as a bactericide in self-care, medical and textile products. Difficulties of Ag determination are associated with the very low concentrations in which it is normally found (ng L-1) and the nature of the sample matrix. Standard methods such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) are regularly used. Alterna

Globalization discourse is deeply flawed in its very conception, expressing a gratuitous assumption of the emergence of a new era that is discontinuous with the past and whose conflicts are primarily the product of those who resist this development: nationalists, racists, localists. This discourse is itself an ideological product of a cosmopolitan elite identity that has emerged (again) in recent

Purpose: To investigate various sources of bias in MRI-based quantification of fat fraction (FF) and fatty acid composition (FAC) using chemical shift-encoded techniques. Methods: Signals from various FFs and FACs and individual relaxation rates of all signal components were simulated. From these signals, FF and FAC parameters were estimated with and without correction for differences in individua

Childhood and adolescence are critical periods of neural development and physical growth. The malnutrition and related medical complications resulting from eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorder not otherwise specified may have more severe and potentially more protracted consequences during youth than during other age periods. The consensus opinion