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Uptake and translocation of nitrogen was studied in laboratory microcosms consisting of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Frankia sp., Paxillus involutus (Fr.) Fr. and Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. P. involutus was shown to form a fully functional ectomycorrhizal association with alder as well as pine, and the seedlings thus became interconnected by a common mycelium. When microcosms were exposed to

Integrity of cartilage fails in joint disease. The current work aimed to identify candidate active proteinases in joint diseases using an in vitro model for cartilage degradation induced by interleukin-1. A critical event in the process of cartilage destruction in joint disease is the failure of the collagen fiber network to maintain integrity. Proteins binding to the surface of the fibers are lik

The simulation of laminar flames consists of capturing the evolution of a very large number of species that may react within a broad range of time scales. It results in a highly non-linear stiff numerical problem that requires large computational resources. In the present paper, an alternative approach for the simulation of unsteady premixed flames is proposed. The approach focuses on describing t

The interaction of seven novel fluorescent labeled beta-lactams with a library of six polymer materials molecularly imprinted (MI) with penicillin G (PenG) has been evaluated using both radioactive and fluorescence competitive assays. The highly fluorescent competitors (emission quantum yields of 0.4-0.95) have been molecularly engineered to contain pyrene or dansyl labels while keeping intact the

Ethylenebisdithiocarbamates (EBDCs) are widely used fungicides. Ethylenethiourea (ETU), the main metabolite and also a contaminant in the commercially available products, is of major toxicological concern. In this study, a method using liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) is described for the analysis of ETU in human urine after a single-step extractive derivatizati

Purpose To investigate the prognostic value of the overall karyotypic features and specific chromosome aberrations in colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients and Methods Cytogenetic features of 150 primary CRCs investigated at the time of surgery were correlated with patient survival by univariate and multivariate analyses, using classical clinicopathologic parameters as covariates. Results In univariat

Background: There is an urgent need to identify subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the predementia phase, but validated diagnostic approaches are currently lacking. In this paper, we present the background, design and methods of a study, which aims to develop clinical criteria for predementia AD. We also present baseline characteristics of the subjects included. The study was part of the mu

Four species of Horismenus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) associated with Acanthoscelides spp. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), three of which are also associated with Phaseolus spp., are treated. One of the species, H. butcheri, is described as new and the remaining three species are redescribed. All four species are diagnosed in a key. A lectotype is designated for Holcopelte productus Ashmead.

Intra- and interobserver reproducibility of Doppler measurements of the pulsatility index (PI) and time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMXV) in the uterine and ovarian arteries were evaluated in examinations of healthy premenopausal women. Each woman underwent reproducibility measurements once in the late follicular phase and once in the midluteal phase. Intraobserver repeatability was assessed in ex

Protein energy malnutrition is an important determinant of clinical outcome in older patients after hip fracture, but the effectiveness of nutritional support programs in routine clinical practice is controversial. We performed a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial to determine if nutritional supplementation decreased fracture-related complications in a selection of otherwise health

The aim of this study was to assess the incremental cost effectiveness of on-demand versus prophylactic haemophilia therapy in Germany, Sweden, the United Kingdom and The Netherlands from the third-party payers' perspective. Using a decision tree model, the cost effectiveness of on-demand versus prophylactic therapy was analysed by extrapolating data from the European Haemophilia Economic Study to

Water 2H and 17O spin relaxation is used to study water dynamics in the hydration layers of two small peptides, two globular proteins and in living cells of two microorganisms. The dynamical heterogeneity of hydration water is characterized by performing relaxation measurements over a wide temperature range, extending deeply into the supercooled regime, or by covering a wide frequency range. Prote

Offspring locomotor performance has been shown to influence fitness related traits in a wide range of taxa. One potential mechanism by which viviparous animals can increase the performance (e.g. sprint speed) of their offspring is by prolonging pregnancy (beyond that required for complete development). However, to date studies examining this potentially important maternal effect have been largely

This article sets out to describe and explain the events that led, in the summer of 1967, to political chaos and near civil war in many parts of China. It links the violence on the ground to statements and policies formulated at the highest levels of the CCP and sets out to show how and why Mao Zedong himself must bear direct personal responsibility for what stands out as one of the darkest chapte

Intermolecular structures of complexes formed between a charged polymer and a spherical and oppositely charged macroion have been studied by employing the primitive model solved by Monte Carlo simulations. The strong-complex case involving a polyion and a macroion with equal absolute charges and without small ions was considered. The influence of the polyion flexibility with a bare persistence len