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We propose and analyze distributed computation algorithms for finite-horizon optimal control problems in transportation networks. We model traffic flow dynamics by the cell-transmission model and focus on two problems: system-optimum dynamic traffic assignment (where the routing is part of the optimization) and freeway network control (where the routing is exogenous and the optimization is confine
Magmatism of the Povungnituk Group of the Cape Smith Belt, northern Superior craton, was formed in three stages: (i)early alkaline magmatism and associated carbonatites (undated), (ii) a main flood basalt sequence (Beauparlant Formation) (constrained between 2040 and 1991 Ma), and (iii) a late stage alkaline pulse (Cecilia Formation) (ca. 1959 Ma). We suggest that the main stage of magmatic activi
Measurement of biosphere-atmosphere exchange of various greenhouse gases requires different techniques. In case of carbon dioxide, the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) is usually measured by the eddy covariance method. In the lack of these measurements in forests, the carbon dioxide uptake can be estimated by detecting changes in sequestrated carbon stocks or by using tree growth (dendrometric) measur
The optimal follow-up (FU) strategy for patients treated for localised renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear. Using the RECUR database, we studied imaging intensity utilised in contemporary FU to evaluate its association with outcome after detection of disease recurrence. Consecutive patients with nonmetastatic RCC (n = 1612) treated with curative intent at 12 institutes across eight European
Gösta Werner (1908–2009) var en svensk filmpionjär som i rollen som redaktör, regissör och forskare gjorde starkt avtryck på den offentliga debatten om filmen som konstform. Genom att studera denna framträdande filmpersonlighets texter och filmer belyser avhandlingen ett antal viktiga kulturpolitiska strider inom den framväxande svenska konstfilmsinstitutionen, däribland om filmstudiets formering,
The seasonal phenology of the leaf area index (LAI) is a major determinant of net ecosystem production in deciduous forest ecosystems. This study describes seasonal and inter-annual differences in LAI in a boreal aspen-hazelnut forest in central Saskatchewan, Canada, between 1994 and 2003, and relates the differences in LAI to annual net ecosystem production (FNEP). A robust method is developed to
Three different, state-of-the-art biogeochemical models are adapted in order to quantify the carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N 2O), and methane (CH4) exchanges between arable lands and the atmosphere. Biome-BGC and MOD17 are validated using the long-term measurement results from Hegyhátsál tall tower site (Western Hungary). After a simple bias correction, it was found that Biome-BGC is capabl
Background: Oxygen is liberally administered in intensive care units (ICUs). Nevertheless, ICU doctors’ preferences for supplementing oxygen are inadequately described. The aim was to identify ICU doctors’ preferences for arterial oxygenation levels in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients. Methods: In April to August 2016, an online multiple-choice 17-part-questionnaire was distributed to 10
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate knowledge translation after publication of the target temperature management 33°C versus 36°C after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest trial and associated patient outcomes. Our primary hypothesis was that target temperature management at 36°C was rapidly adopted in Australian and New Zealand ICUs. Secondary hypotheses were that temporal reductions in mortality would be seen an
Objectives: The authors sought to compare reclassification of treatment strategy following instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR). Background: iFR was noninferior to FFR in 2 large randomized controlled trials in guiding coronary revascularization. Reclassification of treatment strategy by FFR is well-studied, but similar reports on iFR are lacking. Methods: The iFR-
Background: In the Swedish population aged between 50 and 64 years only 7.1% reach the recommended level of physical activity. Physical activity on prescription (PAP) has been used in Sweden since the beginning of the twenty-first century with moderate adherence of approximately 50%. Mindfulness seems to affect motivation to and satisfaction with physical activity. The aim is to test the feasibili
Background: Current EU directives demand increased use of renewable fuels in the transportation sector but restrict governmental support for production of biofuels produced from crops. The use of intercropped lucerne and wheat may comply with the directives. In the current study, the combination of ensiled lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and wheat straw as substrate for hydrogen and methane productio
Background: In dementia care, it is crucial that the chain of care is adapted to the needs of people with dementia and their informal caregivers throughout the course of the disease. Assessing the existing dementia care system with regard to facilities, availability and utilization may provide useful information for ensuring that the professional dementia care and service system meets the needs of
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive vascular disease, due to vasoconstriction and remodelling of pulmonary arteries. Survival has from diagnosis, if untreated, been found to be 1 to 2.8 years, depending on whether related to rheumatic disease or not. The ESC/ERS risk stratification tool provides a new approach to evaluate the clinical status of PAH patients. It supports a refine
Background: High-latitude bird migration has evolved after the last glaciation, in less than 10,000-15,000years. Migrating songbirds rely on an endogenous migratory program, encoding timing, fueling, and routes, but it is still unknown which compass mechanism they use on migration. We used geolocators to track the migration of willow warblers (Phylloscopus trochilus yakutensis) from their eastern
Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and the Avatar, a single PDX mirroring an individual patient, are emerging tools in preclinical cancer research. However, the consequences of intratumor heterogeneity for PDX modeling of biomarkers, target identification, and treatment decisions remain underexplored. In this study, we undertook serial passaging and comprehensive molecular analysis of neuroblastoma
The aim of this research was to use indole as a new sustainable aromatic unit for polyesters. A series of new polyesters were synthesised by the polycondensation of an indole-based dicarboxylate and five potentially bio-based diols. The new polyesters are amorphous, have superior thermal quality, and can form clear transparent films.
We study spin transport in the one- and two-electron regimes of parallel-coupled double quantum dots (DQDs). The DQDs are formed in InAs nanowires by a combination of crystal-phase engineering and electrostatic gating, with an interdot tunnel coupling (t) tunable by one order of magnitude. Large single-particle energy separations (up to 10 meV) and |g∗| factors (∼10) enable detailed studies of the
