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Current star formation models are based on the structure of the interstellar medium (ISM), yet the details on how local physics propagates to galactic-scale properties are still debated. To investigate this, we use VINTERGATAN, a high-resolution cosmological zoom-in simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy. We study how the velocity dispersion and density structure of the cold neutral ISM on 50–100 p
Aim: Limited evidence exists on the effects of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure on metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in adolescents. We aimed to assess the effects of multiple chemicals on the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and MASLD in adolescents, and to further explore the potential roles of inflammation and lifestyle factors. Methods: Associations between che
This study aims to facilitate the study of traffic dynamics in wildfire evacuation scenarios. To do so, it defines a set of traffic performance indicators to investigate traffic dynamics before and during wildfire evacuation events. These indicators include the following: system efficiency, travel time ratio, level of service, and jam time. To highlight the benefits and effectiveness of using thes
Communities living in areas of extraction often find ways to overcome or resist destructive legacies, but researchers lack a deep understanding of the mechanisms by which this is done. This article helps to address this gap by employing the theoretical framework of a sacrifice zone to a case study of Yellowknife, Canada and nearby mining projects. By analyzing a combination of interview and site v
The development of the protect-annealing method has extended the superconductivity of the electron-doped cuprate Pr1.3-xLa0.7CexCuO4 (PLCCO) into lower Ce concentrations, while the superconducting volume fraction decreases with underdoping. Employing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a microfocused beam, we investigated the electronic structure of protect-annealed PLCCO (x=0.08) with
Background and objective: Although cardiovascular toxicity from modern systemic treatments in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) remains a concern, real-world data are limited. We aimed to characterise patients treated for mHSPC across multiple large cohorts and estimate cardiovascular adverse event (AE) risks. Methods: Leveraging PIONEER's Big Data platform, with databases stand
The effects of atmospheric aerosols are key uncertainties in climate models. One reason is the complex aerosol composition which includes a relatively large fraction of organics. Another reason is the small size of aerosols, which makes surface effects and processes important. These two factors make surface-active organics relevant for atmospheric aerosols, as they can affect crucial processes, su
Accurate labels are critical for deriving robust machine learning models. Labels are used to train supervised learning models and to evaluate most machine learning paradigms. In this paper, we model the accuracy and cost of a common weak labeling process where annotators assign presence or absence labels to fixed-length data segments for a given event class. The annotator labels a segment as "pres
Background: Despite considerable interest in the consequences of benzodiazepine and benzodiazepine-related Z-drug (BZDR) use, little is known about whether and how initiation of BZDR treatment relates to the development of alcohol- and drug-related problems. Aims: This study aimed to examine the association of incident BZDR dispensing with subsequent alcohol- and drug-related problems. Methods: Th
Event cameras and LiDARs provide complementary yet distinct data: respectively, asynchronous detections of changes in lighting versus sparse but accurate depth information at a fixed rate. To this day, few works have explored the combination of these two modalities. In this article, we propose a novel neural-network-based method for fusing event and LiDAR data in order to estimate dense depth maps
Many animals undergo irreversible ontogenetic color changes (OCCs), yet these changes are often overlooked despite their potential ethological relevance. The problem is compounded when OCCs involve wavelengths invisible to humans. Wall lizards can perceive ultraviolet (UV) light, and their conspicuous ventral and ventrolateral coloration—including UV-reflecting patched—likely serves social communi
Asthma is a common, multifaceted respiratory disease with a major impact on quality of life. Despite increased insights into mechanisms underlying various asthma phenotypes and endotypes and the availability of targeted biologic treatment options, the disease remains uncontrolled in a substantial proportion of patients with risk of exacerbations, requiring systemic corticosteroids, and with progre
Climate, forest successional stage, and soil substrate age can alter herbivore communities and their effects on biogeochemical cycling, but the size and spatial variability of these effects are poorly quantified. To address this knowledge gap, we established a globally distributed network of 50 broadleaved old-growth forests across six continents, encompassing well-constrained local-scale gradient
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) reduces disease recurrence and progression in intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). BCG-associated adverse events during instillations are common, leading to treatment cessation. Prophylactic use of quinolones in conjunction with BCG instillations is one approach for reducing BCG-associated adverse events. O
