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Objective:To evaluate short- and long-term outcomes after modified Stage-I (mStage-I) palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS).MethodsThis retrospective single-centre study analyzed 128 patients with HLHS treated between 1993 and 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: Era-I (n=36), from 1993 to 2001, who underwent the classic Norwood procedure, and Era-II (n=92), from 2002 to 20
