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This study investigates the surface transformations of nickel foam (NF) electrodes induced by Fe and Co cation incorporation from the electrolyte following activation in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), using both ex situ time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and in situ near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). Electrochemical measurements demonstra

Philanthropy for gender causes is recognised as a rising yet understudied phenomenon, especially in the field of social policy. This chapter provides an overview of key interdisciplinary feminist debates on the philanthropic turn to gender equality and women's empowerment. It also presents significant trends, including funding flows towards SDG5, key actors, and geographical areas of investment, a

Cell staining techniques are essential for cell visualization and bioanalysis, providing valuable insights into cellular structure, function, and behavior. Despite their significance, the impact of staining processes, such as dye penetration, adsorption, or hydrogen bonding, on the physical properties of cells remains largely unexplored. Acoustic methods have proven effective in noninvasively prob

This special issue deals with temporalities in migration law with particular emphasis on the European context. At the crossroads of several legal fields, including public law, human rights law, EU law and public international law, the topic is cutting-edge in migration law. The articles collected were originally presented at a conference organized at Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam in June 2023 an

In this study, a serial production system consisting of two machines and an intermediate finite buffer is considered. The machines have random processing times, and each machine contains one unit of a common critical component that is subject to random breakdown. Broken components must be replaced from an inventory of ready-for-use spare parts to restore machine functionality. This inventory is re

Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species' vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafau

In this forum, seven scholars discuss Oliver P. Richmond’s The Grand Design: The Evolution of the International Peace Architecture, published in 2022. The editors, Gëzim Visoka and Annika Björkdahl, contextualise the book’s contribution within the broader intellectual framework of Richmond’s thoughts and writings on peace in the context of International Relations. Roland Bleiker examines the book’

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article because Fig. 1 and its legend contained data that was published without the owner’s permission or the patient’s consent. Figure 1 has now been removed. Jesper Heldrup, Stefan Schwartz, Etienne Chatelut, Miriam Hwang do not agree to this retraction. Archie Bleyer did not state explicitly whether they agree ot this retraction. Brooke Bernhardt agrees to

Tumor hypoxia plays a critical role in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Here, we present a protocol for the self-generation of hypoxia by metastatic cancer cells using phosphorescence-based O2 sensing. We describe steps for phosphorescent film calibration, system assembly, and real-time imaging of hypoxia development. We then detail approaches to spatially map resulting O2 gradients.

Individual variation among and within natural populations can have eco-evolutionary implications by, for example, affecting species interactions or evolutionary potential. Urban systems present a unique opportunity to evaluate how environmental change shapes variation since urban phenotypic differentiation is widely documented on contemporary timescales. We introduce and test three hypotheses to d

In the post-World War II era, international lawyers have occupied the front seat in the study of international organisations (IOs). During the past decade, this disciplinary hierarchy has grown to feel increasingly unsatisfying. This chapter offers an anthropological take on the study of IOs building both on the past decade of anthropological work and my ethnography at the UN Human Rights Committe

Extremely preterm infants are at risk of immune-mediated complications such as infections and inflammatory conditions like bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis. Preterm infants are immunologically distinct from term infants at birth, but subsequently undergo adaptive postnatal changes resulting in immunological convergence during their first 3 months. Here, we performed a syste

Acoustofluidic particle manipulation has attracted considerable interest in biomedical applications due to its non-contact and label-free characteristics. However, existing computational models for predicting particle motion in acoustofluidic systems mainly focus on single-particle behavior, often neglecting particle–particle interactions and the impact of particle distribution on the acoustic and

It is well known that in interdisciplinary consciousness studies there are various competing hypotheses about the neural correlate(s) of consciousness (NCCs). Much contemporary work is dedicated to determining which of these hypotheses is right (or the weaker claim is to be preferred). The prevalent working assumption is that one of the competing hypotheses is correct, and the remaining hypotheses