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The energy scaling of integrated circuits has reached its limit because the operating voltage of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFET) based switches has reached its minimum value. MOSFETs are limited by thermionic emission and cannot achieve a subthreshold swing (SS) below 60 mV/decade at room temperature. Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors (TFET), which operate on field modula
Background: Malnutrition, sedentary lifestyle, cognitive dysfunction and poor psychological well-being are often reported in patients on haemodialysis (HD). Aims: We aimed to explore needs, barriers and facilitators—as perceived by patients, their carers, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) for increasing the adherence to the diet, to physical activity and cognition and psychological well-being. M
We investigate the problem of risk averse robot path planning using the deep reinforcement learning and distributionally robust optimization perspectives. Our problem formulation involves modelling the robot as a stochastic linear dynamical system, assuming that a collection of process noise samples is available. We cast the risk averse motion planning problem as a Markov decision process and prop
This article addresses the detection and estimation problems of a distributed multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) radar system with synchronization errors. In such cases, the outputs of all waveform-specific matched filters contain errors in the resulting time delay estimates, which will cause biases in the corresponding estimation of the active range cells. To overcome the impact resulting
The Swedish HIV/AIDS epidemic accelerated the hybridisation of welfare, as volunteer organisations rapidly professionalised and expanded their welfare services. The media’s horror scenarios prompted a sense of urgency which, in turn, motivated politicians and state funding agencies to channel large amounts of money into Swedish volunteer organisations. These included RFSL (the National Union for S
Background: Emergency department (ED) crowding is a serious problem worldwide causing decreased quality of care. It is reasonable to assume that the negative effects of crowding are at least partially due to high staff workload, but previous crowding metrics based on high workload have not been generalisable to Swedish EDs and have not been associated with increased mortality, in contrast to, e.g.
Genetic testing has been applied for decades in clinical routine diagnostics of hematological malignancies to improve disease (sub)classification, prognostication, patient management, and survival. In recent classifications of hematological malignancies, disease subtypes are defined by key recurrent genetic alterations detected by conventional methods (i.e., cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybr
Drug development in traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been impeded by the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease pathology, as well as limited understanding of the secondary injury cascade that follows the initial trauma. As a result, patients with TBI have an unmet need for effective pharmacological therapies. One promising drug candidate is cyclosporine, a polypeptide traditionally used to a
Aim: To estimate the probability of independent walking and wheeled mobility in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) at home and in the community in relation to age and gross motor function. Method: This was a longitudinal cohort study using data reported into the combined Swedish CP follow-up programme and national quality registry from October 2000 to October 2022. Walking, walking with aids, wh
Frequency diverse array (FDA) radars provide a potential solution to target localisation along the slant range and azimuth angle due to the range-angle-dependent transmit beampattern caused by the used frequency increments. However, the S -shaped beampattern resulting from the standard FDA leads to multiple candidate location estimates, introducing ambiguity in the target localization. To make ful
Earth's life support systems depend on biodiversity and healthy ecosystems. Without radical transformations, staying within safe planetary boundaries becomes impossible. While the inequalities between Global North and Global South are increasingly acknowledged, the agency and rights of people often placed in the category of 'vulnerable' -women, youth, indigenous peoples and local communities- are
“Upper tail knowledge”, embodied by knowledge elites, has been suggested to be a driving force of industrialization and development, yet measuring it remains problematic. Despite some recent innovations, much empirical work continues to rely on measures of “average” or “non-upper tail” human capital such as literacy and years of schooling. We thus turn to perhaps unique sources from Denmark and No
Aims: Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) systems have not been thoroughly evaluated during in-hospital stay, and there are concerns about accuracy during various conditions. Patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy have an increased risk of hyperglycaemia after surgery which is aggravated by parenteral nutrition therapy. This study aims to evaluate glycaemic control and
The majority of patients with a distal radius fracture (DRF) are elderly, a group known to experience difficulties with new technology, partly due to a low level of digital literacy. At the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, during the spring 2020, patients that underwent DRF surgery had regular follow-ups replaced by video calls from their surgeon and physiotherapist. Afterward,
X-ray ptychography is often implemented for nanoimaging at synchrotron radiation sources and extensions are being developed to make experiments faster. This work is on multi-beam ptychography with Fresnel zone plates that have a small lateral separation, enabling the imaging of an extended field of view without increasing exposure time. Sectional zone inversion is implemented for coding respective
Ovarian cancer is an intractable disease that is mostly diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a high recurrence rate. The early development of characteristic peritoneal dissemination via ascites contributes to a poor prognosis. Based on the “seed and soil” theory, ovarian cancer is considered to form a disseminated tumor that interacts with the peritoneum; superficial mesothelial cells are struct
