CONTEXT: Metabolomics has the potential to generate biomarkers that can facilitate understanding relevant pathways in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS: Nontargeted metabolomics was performed, via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, in a discovery case-cohort study from the Malmö Preventive Project (MPP), which consisted of 698 metabolically healthy participants, of whom

OBJECTIVE: We investigated potential interactions between body mass index (BMI) and genotypes of human leukocyte antigen (HLA), TCF7L2-rs7903146, and FTO-rs9939609 in relation to the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We pooled data from two population-based studies: (i) a Swedish study with incident cases of LADA [positive for glutamic acid decarboxy

Polymer films based on mixtures of ethyl cellulose (EC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) have been widely used to coat pellets and tablets to modify the release profile of drugs. For three different EC/HPC films we used 1H and 19F MRI in combination with a designed release cell to monitor the drug, polymer and water in 5 dimensional (5D) datasets; three spatial, one diffusion or relaxation and a

The inclusive production rates of isolated, prompt photons in p+Pb collisions at sNN=8.16 TeV are studied with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider using a dataset with an integrated luminosity of 165 nb−1 recorded in 2016. The cross-section and nuclear modification factor RpPb are measured as a function of photon transverse energy from 20 GeV to 550 GeV and in three nucleon–nucleon cen

Immunoglobulin was separated from islet cel antibody positive plasma of six children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus. The dynamics of insulin release in response to glucose and partially purified antibodies were determined in dispersed rat islet cells perifused on small columns of Biogel P-2 beads. After perifusion at 5.5 mmol/L D-glucose in the presence of health

Introduction: Radiographers routinely undertake many initiatives to balance image quality with radiation dose (optimisation). For optimisation studies to be successful image quality needs to be carefully evaluated. Purpose was to 1) discuss the strengths and limitations of a Visual Grading Analysis (VGA) method for image quality evaluation and 2) to outline the method from a radiographer's perspec

The forensic investigation of human behavior in fires can benefit from a first-hand perspective of what happened during the fire. Complementing the on-site investigation and the witnesses’ accounts with a virtual reality replication of the real fire, forensic investigators could gather valuable data from having non-victims experiencing it. This paper aims to introduce and develop the forensic virt

Species delimitation is at the core of biological sciences. During the last decade, molecular-based approaches have advanced the field by providing additional sources of evidence to classical, morphology-based taxonomy. However, taxonomy has not yet fully embraced molecular species delimitation beyond threshold-based, single-gene approaches, and taxonomic knowledge is not commonly integrated into

Germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 predispose individuals to a high risk of breast and ovarian cancer, and elevated risk of other cancers, including those of the pancreas and prostate. BRCA2 mutation carriers may have increased risk of uveal melanoma (UM) and cutaneous melanoma (CM), but associations with these cancers in BRCA1 mutation carriers have been mixed. Here, we further assessed whethe

This article presents two learning processes in order to explain how children at an early age can transform a complex sensory input to concepts and categories. The first process constructs the perceptual structures that emerge in children’s cognitive development by detecting invariants in the sensory input. The invariant structures involve a reduction in dimensionality of the sensory information.

Green chemistry-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPU) are synthesized and 3D-printed via rapid, projection photopolymerization into compliant mechanisms of 3D structure with spatially-localized material properties. Trimethylolpropane allyl ether-cyclic carbonate is used to couple the unique properties of two types of reaction chemistry: (1) primary diamine-cyclic carbonate ring-opening conjuga

Adipose tissue plays a major role in regulating whole-body insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism. To accommodate surplus energy, the tissue rapidly expands by increasing adipose cell size (hypertrophy) and cell number (hyperplasia). Previous studies have shown that enlarged, hypertrophic adipocytes are less responsive to insulin, and that adipocyte size could serve as a predictor for the devel

We present autofluorescence of six zooplankton species, including salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis), for the purpose of classification in marine environments. Using a 410 nm excitation wavelength, we find that all measured zooplankton species exhibit broad cyan fluorescence centered around 510–520 nm. Furthermore, salmon lice show an absence of red fluorescence from undigested chlorophyll, whi

The use of highly visible body colours as signals during courtship is well known from animals active in brighter light. Now a sexually dimorphic colouration signal has been discovered in a nocturnal moth, suggesting that visual courtship rituals might even occur at night.

Intraocular lens (IOL) exchange after cataract surgery is unusual but may be associated with suboptimal visual outcome. The incidence of IOL exchange has not been consistently estimated. Such information is invaluable when counseling patients prior to cataract surgery. We examined the incidence of, and indications and risk factors for, IOL exchange after cataract surgery. We also assessed visual o