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Application of concurrent engineering (CE) to product development process (PDP) has to consider the type of production (individual, serial, mass), product complexity and level of design: original, innovative, variation and adaptive. Systematic analyses of product development processes, workflows, data and project management, in various companies, has shown that specific criteria have to be fulfill

Aircraft Maintenance and Repair Organizations (MRO) have to be competitive and attractive for the existing and new customers. Aircraft ground time at the MRO has to be as short as possible as well as cost efficient without reducing the quality of the accomplished work. Application of lean methods into aircraft maintenance processes means continuous improvement process and elimination of non-value-

We present a program allowing for the construction of a heavy ion Monte Carlo event using a general purpose proton–proton event generator of the users’ choice to deliver sub–collisions. In this heavy ion event, one or more jets can be added, again using a jet calculation of the users’ choice, allowing for more realistic simulation studies of jets in a heavy ion background.

Vacuum cleaner motor is an air cooled single-phase induction motor with impeller. Its compact design can result in more than 2 kW of input power per 1 kg of mass. It can operate only if an air flow is cooling the motor; otherwise it is overheated and destroyed. A large production volume of a vacuum cleaner motor classifies it as a mass production product. In the past its development has been mostl

Tools and methods are an important part of product development process. Advantages of different methods are growing with product novelty and complexity. Moderation of product development team meeting is a challenge at face to face meetings. Moderation has to be conducted with additional care at spatially distributed or virtual teams. The workshops or meetings related to different tools and methods

The modelling of biological systems often consists into differential equation models that need to be fitted to experimental data. During this complex process, the practical experience of the biologist and the theoretical abstraction of the modeller require back-and-forth refinements of the model, design of new experiments and inclusion of more data-points into the fitting procedure. Available opti

Historical commons represent self-governed governance regimes that regulate the use and management of natural and man-made shared resources. Despite growing scientific interests, analyses of commons evolution and temporal dynamics are rare and drivers of change (birth, adaptation, dissolution) remain obscure. We apply an interdisciplinary approach and address these issues from an eco-evolutionary

Scholarly journals are often blamed for a gender gap in publication rates, but it is unclear whether peer review and editorial processes contribute to it. This article examines gender bias in peer review with data for 145 journals in various fields of research, including about 1.7 million authors and 740,000 referees. We reconstructed three possible sources of bias, i.e., the editorial selection o

This study examined through an online experiment how pre-election pollsaffect voters. The results revealed that votes for the most popular optionincreased on average by 7% when polls were shared with participants, shiftingaway from both minority options and options with intermediate popularity.This bandwagon effect was consistent across different electoral systems anddifferent political issues. In

We present an analysis of regulatory activities in historical commons offering a unique picture of their long-term institutional dynamics. The analysis took into account almost 3,800 regulatory activities in eighteen European commons in two countries across seven centuries. Despite differences in time and space, we found a shared pattern where an initial, highly-dynamic institutional-definition ph

So far, there has been mixed evidence in the literature regarding the relationship between environmental attitudes and actual ‘green’ actions, something known as the attitude-behavior gap. This raises the question of when attitudes can actually work as a lever to promote environmental objectives, such as climate change mitigation, and, conversely, when other factors would be more effective. This p

We study in a laboratory experiment whether humans prefer to depend on decisions of others (Human-Driven Uncertainty) or states generated by a computer (Computerized Uncertainty). The experimental design introduced in this paper is unique in that it introduces Human-Driven Uncertainty such that it does not derive from a strategic context. In our experiment, Human-Driven Uncertainty derives from de

In order to convince both policy makers and the general public to engage in climate change mitigation activities, it is crucial to communicate the inherent risks in an effective way. Due to the complexity of the system, mitigation activities cannot completely rule out the possibility of the climate reaching a dangerous tipping point but can only reduce it to some unavoidable residual risk level. W

This paper aims to examine the influence of authors’ reputation on editorial bias in scholarly journals. By looking at eight years of editorial decisions in four computer science journals, including 7179 observations on 2913 submissions, we reconstructed author/referee-submission networks. For each submission, we looked at reviewer scores and estimated the reputation of submission authors by means

Effective communication of risks involved in the climate change discussion is crucial and despite ambitious protection policies, the possibility of irreversible consequences actually occurring can only be diminished but never ruled out completely. We present a laboratory experiment that studies how residual risk of failure of climate change policies affects willingness to contribute to such polici

Bubbles are omnipresent in lab experiments with asset markets. Most of these experiments are conducted in environments with only human traders. Since today's markets are substantially determined by algorithmic trading, we use a laboratory experiment to measure how human trading depends on the expected presence of algorithmic traders. We find that bubbles are clearly smaller when human traders expe

In social dilemmas punishment costs resources, not just from the one who is punished but often also from the punisher and society. Reciprocity on the other side is known to lead to cooperation without the costs of punishment. The questions at hand are whether punishment brings advantages besides its costs, and how its negative side-effects can be reduced to a minimum in an environment populated by