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Estimation of probability of default (PD) is a fundamental part of credit risk modeling, and estimation of PD in low default portfolios is a common issue for banks and financial institutions. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision requires banks and financial institutions to add an additional margin of conservatism to its PD estimates in the case of insufficient data, as in low default portfolios

The aim of this study is to examine how cultural nationalism, with particular regards to pastoral ideals and family ideals, has affected the literary works of Swedish children’s author Elsa Beskow. The study focuses on Beskow’s works from that of her first book that was published in 1897 until 1918. The study will present a brief presentation of the author’s life and authorship followed by individ

Punata alluvialkon ligger i centrala Bolivia (Valle Alto) i ett område mellan Altiplanot och lågländerna. Det är en viktig grundvattenreservoar för den lokala landsortsbefolkningen och pga. utveckling samt befolkningsökning i området har efterfrågan på färskvatten ökat de senaste åren. Tillsammans med minskande årlig nederbörd, i ett redan halvtorrt (semi-arid) klimat, sjunker grundvattennivån staThe Punata alluvial fan, situated in central Bolivia (Valle Alto) between the Altiplano and the lowlands, is an important aquifer for the local rural population. Due to rapid development and population growth in the area, the demand for fresh water has increased in recent year. In combination with decreasing annual rainfall, in the already semi-arid climate, the groundwater level is steadily sinki

Since the formation of the international think-tank Mont Pelerin Society, in 1947, neoliberal ideas have spread widely across the globe, and this thesis takes a closer look at the emerge of neoliberalism in Sweden. From the 1950’s, until the 1970’s, Sture Eskilsson worked as head of communication at Svenska Arbetsgivareföreningen (SAF), and played a major role in creating SAF’s communication platf

Almost all kinds of music and art has initially been criticized and exposed to some degree of hate, at least early on in its development. At the same time, it has been proved to be an effective way to oppress other cultures by criticizing and attack its art and music. To say that the rituals of a foreign culture is dirty or not hygienic is to put one’s own culture above the foreign one and es-tabl

There have been several studies which indicate a preferential invasion towards younger red blood cells (RBCs) for the malarial parasite, P. Falciparum. Knowledge about a preferential mechanism could aid in the development of novel anti-malarial drugs. While the preference in these reports has been studied with density-separation of red blood cells, separating the cells by deformability may be a mo

Today in Sweden hitchhiking is a way of transportation that seems to be forgotten or almost dead. The aim with this study is to analyze how hitchhiking can be a distinctive way of travelling in a context where other forms of everyday travelling dominate. The investigation is focused on how hitchhiking can be a different way of travelling, the feelings about the phenomenon and how the meeting betwe

Hållbarhet och hållbara investeringar är aktuella frågor i vårt samhälle i dag. För många investerare handlar det inte längre endast om att skapa positiv avkastning utan även hur denna avkastning skapas på ett hållbart sätt. Frågan som börjar ta mer plats i dag är inte hur dyrt det är att analysera bolag efter deras hållbara principer, utan snarare hur dyrt det blir om vi inte gör det. Denna uppsa

Arbetsrelaterade skador orsakar personligt lidande och ekonomiska förluster för både företag och privatpersoner. Repetitivt arbete och statiska arbetsställningar med armarna kan leda till belastningsskador i axel- och halsregionen. Detta examensarbete har haft som syfte att utveckla ett mjukt bärbart robotsystem med Bioservo Technologies Soft Extra Muscle (SEM) teknik, som ska ge assistans vid lyfWork related injuries causes personal suffering and economic loss for both companies and individuals. Repetitive work and static postures with the arms can lead to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in the shoulder and neck region. This thesis set out to develop a wearable soft robotic arm lifting system using Bioservo Technologies’ Soft Extra Muscle (SEM) technology. The objective was to develop a f

Omsättningen på den svenska fastighetsmarknaden för småhus står varje år för betydande ekonomiska värden. Köpet av en fastighet är för många människor en stor affär och vissa fall den största investeringen man gör i livet. När de förväntningar som en köpare har på den förvärvade fastigheten inte infrias finns det en risk att det mynnar ut i en tvist med säljaren. Varje överlåtelse innebär att ansvThe turnover of the Swedish Property Industry for Small Houses represents a substantial part of the public economy annually. For many people, purchase of real property are an important investment which may turn out to be their biggest lifetime investment. When real property is acquired and a buyer’s expectations are not met, there is a risk that the transaction will be followed by a dispute. Every

The Philippines are constantly challenged by the forces of nature. Typhoons make landfall on a yearly basis, making the island of Samar a disaster-prone area. This qualitative field study examines the risk perception of inhabitants and why they do live in this high-risk area. The thesis also strives to find out if education on DRR among children and youth affects the societal knowledge on disaster

This study aims to describe the structure of land management in Kosovo, and existing issues with the current urban planning strategy in the country. The land is currently utilized to the best extent when developing the urban area and the system seems to move toward more necessary controls. Two specific factors have been recognized as influencing the urban planning process. One is illegal buildings

Syftet med studien var att bidra till att förklara varför hemlösa kvinnor kvarstår i sin hemlöshet samt visa hur de väljer att framställa sig själva. Kvalitativ metod med en grund i livsberättelser användes och semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem hemlösa kvinnor på ett härbärge i en storstad genomfördes. Samtliga intervjuer ägde rum i kvinnornas nuvarande miljö, härbärget, vare sig de bodde där ö

Arkelstorpsviken has experienced severe eutrophication during several decades along with toxic algal blooms that have made the water unsuitable for exposure. While the rest of lake Oppmannasjön has been classified according to biological, physical-chemical and hydromorphological factors, Arkelstorpsviken remains unclassified. Relevant reports, government documents and sampling results have been us