Introduction On June 11, 2014, the International Labour Organization (ILO) adopted a new Protocol to its Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29) (ILO 1930), and a new Recommendation to supplement and develop both Convention No. 29 and the Protocol. These new ILO standards do not affect the definition of trafficking or the vital role of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in leading the fight

A particular mix of integral equations and discretization techniques is suggested for the solution of a planar Helmholtz transmission problem with relevance to the study of surface plasmon waves. The transmission problem describes the scattering of a time-harmonic transverse magnetic wave from an infinite dielectric cylinder with complex permittivity and sharp edges. Numerical examples illustrate

Detta är den femte skriften i den serie småskrifter som alla handlar om vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet. Författarna är forskare och/eller politiker med stor erfarenhet av området, några är forskare inom vårt forskningsprogram Vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet, ett sexårigt program finansierat av Riksbankens jubileumsfond.

Vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet är ett i grunden juridiskt begrepp med avgörande betydelse för flera verksamhetsområden. Begreppet spelar en viktig roll i till exempel patientsäkerhetslagen och vi hittar det i ett flertal andra lagar och förordningar, till exempel i högskolelagen, miljöbalken och skollagen. Men hur skall begreppet förstås? Skall till exempelvis konjunktionen läsas bo

Vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet är ett i grunden juridiskt begrepp med avgörande betydelse för flera verksamhetsområden. Begreppet spelar en viktig roll i till exempel patientsäkerhetslagen och vi hittar det i ett flertal andra lagar och förordningar, till exempel i högskolelagen, miljöbalken och skollagen. Men hur skall begreppet förstås? Skall till exempelvis konjunktionen läsas bo

Obesity is closely associated to several diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hepatic steatosis, airway disease, neurodegeneration, biliary diseases and certain cancers. It is, therefore, of importance to assess the role of nutrition in disease prevention as well as its effect in the course of such pathologies. In the present study, we addressed the impact of the exposure to d

Our hypothesis is that neighborhood infrastructure modifies the association between state-level income distribution and self-rated health. In our findings neighborhood infrastructure amplifies the association between income equality and self-rated health, yet with a differential impact on health according to sex, race and education level favoring individuals at higher socioeconomic positions. Most

New industrial innovation policies like smart specialization aim at boosting economic growth by diversification towards more complex and higher value economic activities. This paper proposes a conceptual and analytical framework to support the design and implementation of such policies considering place-specific preconditions, particularly the differentiation of the regional system of innovation a

Using a new biography of banks, we examine the stability of Irish banking from 1797 to 1826 by constructing a failure rate series. We find that the ultimate cause of the frequent and severe banking crises was the crisis-prone structure of the banking system, which was designed to benefit the political elite. There is little evidence to suggest that wildcat banking or the failure of the Bank of Ire