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Laminin, a critical component of the basement membrane, plays an indispensable role in numerous biological processes. Among its subunits, laminin γ2 (LAMC2) emerges as a key player in the progression of cancer. This review delves into the current understanding of LAMC2′s role, highlighting its significant contribution to cancer development through promoting cell proliferation, invasion, and
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological disease of the plasma cell that remains clinically challenging despite the development of novel therapies. Epigenetic alterations have been demonstrated to contribute to MM pathogenesis, yet comprehensive studies into the links between different epigenetic regulatory systems in myeloma progression and drug resistance, though clinically relevant, are largely
Transcription factor cooperation is essential for specifying the heterogeneous dendritic cell (DC) lineages that orchestrate adaptive immunity, yet how it drives subset diversification remains poorly understood. Here, we employed a sequential anchored screen of 70 transcription factors using direct cellular reprogramming to identify regulators that specify type 2 conventional DCs (cDC2s) and plasm
The purple color of the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain is attributed to anthocyanins which are beneficial for human health. Synthesis of these pigments in both grain and vegetative tissues is controlled by ANT1 and ANT2 that belong to the families R2R3-MYB and bHLH of transcription factors, respectively. Here, we investigated the role of the Ant2 gene in pigmentation of grains compared to veget
Objectives Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) and Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI) are models that estimate the risk of malignancy in ovarian masses based on clinical and ultrasound information. The aim is to perform a meta-analysis of studies that compared the performance of the two models in the same patients (‘head-to-head comparison’). Design Systematic review and meta-anal
It is essential that the design of atomizing sprays be tailored to the specific requirements of various industrial processes within, e.g., the agricultural or energy sector. However, the measurement of key atomizer parameters—central to the optimization of such systems—suffers from time-intensive techniques, complex calibration routines, and/or the need to include additives in the injected liquid.
IMPORTANCE Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is common after myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE To determine whether routine screening for Helicobacter pylori infection during hospitalization for myocardial infarction reduces bleeding events and improves clinical outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A nationwide, open-label, 2-period, 2-sequence, cluster randomized, crossover clinical trial usi
Plasma-assisted technologies are rapidly advancing and are set to play a crucial role in the green transition. One challenge in this development, specifically tied to laser-based plasma diagnostics, is the presence of interfering plasma-induced emissions, such as the de-excitation of naturally excited species, which can complicate the detection of laser-induced signals. Successfully differentiatin
Spray drying, a process which is widely used in the food industry, involves the atomizations of a liquid slurry into a drying chamber to produce a powder of desired properties. Although liquid viscosity strongly influences process efficiency, few studies have examined its effect on spray characteristics for specific system designs, where previous work has been hindered by experimental/numerical ch
Årligen upptäcks nya kärlväxter i Sverige. Det kan vara arter som etablerar sig i Sverige i klimatförändringarnas spår, som följer med internationella transporter, och inte minst trädgårdsrymlingar. Det finns flera skäl till att dokumentera dessa, inte minst för att förebygga spridning av invasiva arter. Biologiska museet i Lund tar emot belägg och listar här de arter som var nya för Sverige 2024.
Background and Aims The prognosis of adult-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) and prognostic factors are sparsely investigated. This study assessed mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and prognostic factors in adult-onset T1D, particularly focusing on those diagnosed at age ≥40. Methods Participants were people diagnosed with adult-onset T1D (n = 10 184) or type 2 diabetes (T2D, n = 37
In this study, we use direct numerical simulations to investigate turbulent premixed ammonia flames assisted by non-equilibrium nanosecond plasma discharges and hydrogen addition. The results reveal the coupling effects of turbulence, the hydrogen concentration in the fuel blend, and plasma discharges on the microscopic structure of the flame and chemical pathways. It is found that the flame front
Machine Learning (ML) offers many opportunities, but its reliance on personal data raises privacy concerns. One such example is the Membership Inference Attack (MIA), which aims to determine whether a specific data point was part of a model’s training dataset. In this paper, we investigate this attack on Random Forests (RFs) and propose a method to quantify their vulnerability to MIA. We also demo
By the end of the eighteenth century, Leiden was a very unhealthy city where life was characterised by disease and untimely death – in particular young children – mainly because of high population density and unhygienic conditions. Morbidity and a high mortality rate gave city life a specific dynamic: many children grew up without one or both parents present, while many elderly men and women had t
