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The herbaceous understory forms the richest stratum in temperate broadleaved forests in terms of plant diversity. Understanding the process of understory succession is thus of critical importance for the development of management guidelines for biodiversity restoration in post-agricultural plantation forests. We studied effects of stand age, forest fragmentation, and soil and canopy conditions on

A key aspect of leadership is the followers’ constructions of its value and relevance. Based on two empirical, qualitative case studies, this paper highlights the importance of the ‘demand’ for leadership when leader–follower relationships are established. We further discuss how followers influence, inhibit and initiate managerial leadership (i.e. leadership acts from their formal superior targeti

Background: This contribution deals with chemical processes at the biological membranes of endothelial cells in blood vessels. A basic observation is that the intensity of blood flow navigates the vascular width through a negative feedback circle. When the blood flow increases, the vessels become wider; when it decreases the vascular smooth muscle cells contract. The anionic polyelectrolyte hepara

Review of Ferm, Olle & Åkestam, Mia (eds) "Härnevi kyrka och socken : perspektiv på ett uppländskt lokalsamhälle under medeltiden" (2012)

Steven Spielberg's film Saving Private Ryan is at the centre of this text, with a particular focus on how it displays the past in ways that place the audience in the middle of the historical action. By looking at various technical breakthroughs predating this film, it is argued that what we here see is the beginning of a new kind of 360-degree historiography that nowadays dominates historical epic

We discuss general non-stationary spatio-temporal surfaces that involve dynamics governed by velocity fields. The approach formalizes and expands previously used models in analysis of satellite data of significant wave heights. We start with homogeneous spatial fields. By applying an extension of the standard moving average construction we obtain models which are stationary in time. The resulting

BackgroundA common genetic variant (rs10993994) in the 5' region of the gene encoding β-microseminoprotein (MSP) is associated with circulating levels of MSP and prostate cancer risk. Whether MSP levels are predictive of prostate cancer risk has not been evaluated.MethodsWe investigated the prospective relationship between circulating plasma levels of MSP and prostate cancer risk in a nested case-

Treatment of [Fe-3(CO)(12)] with tri(2-furyl)phosphine (PFu(3)) or tri(2-thienyl)phosphine (PTh3) in dichloromethane at 40 degrees C leads to facile phosphorus carbon bond scission affording di-iron furyl- and thienyl-bridged complexes [Fe-2(CO)(6)(mu-eta(1),eta(2)-C4H3E)(mu-P(C4H3E)(2))] (1 E = O, Fu; 3 E = S, Th) in good yields, together with smaller amounts of the phosphine-substituted [Fe-2(CO

Young exocrine pancreas insufficient (EPI) pigs given a commercial feed (polymeric diet) show growth retardation that can be reversed by dietary supplementation with pancreatic enzymes. Our aim was to investigate if providing an elemental diet, mimicking a pre-digested diet, can support body growth in EPI-pigs. Thus, EPI-pigs, pancreatic duct-ligated at 12.2 +/- 2.6 weeks of age (15.3 +/- 4.8 kg),

We report the discovery of ferroelectricity below 4.5 K in highly underdoped La2CuO4+x accompanied by slow charge dynamics which develop below T similar to 40 K. An anisotropic magnetoelectric response has also been observed, indicating considerable spin-charge coupling in this lightly doped parent high-temperature copper-oxide superconductor. The ferroelectric state is proposed to develop from po

OBJECTIVE - To assess the relative contribution of increased fasting and postload plasma glucose concentrations to the incidence of type 2 diabetes in subjects with a normal 2-h plasma glucose concentration. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A total of 3,450 subjects with 2-h plasma glucose concentration < 140 mg/dl at baseline were followed up in the San Antonio Heart Study (SAHS) and the Botnia Stud

Background Susceptibility to parasite infection affects fitness-related processes, such as mate choice and survival, yet its genetic regulation remains poorly understood. Interleukin-4 (IL4) plays a central role in the humoral immune defence against nematode parasite infections, inducing IgE switch and regulation of worm expulsion from the intestines. The evolutionary and functional significance

Disturbances of interatrial conduction are linked to supraventricular arrhythmias. Previous studies have shown that these disturbances can be detected non-invasively as distinctive appearances of the orthogonal P wave using signal-averaged P-wave analysis (PSAECG). Orthogonal recordings (VCG) are however scarce in clinical practice for practical reasons. The aim of the presented study was to explo

Reprogramming of adult human somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is a novel approach to produce patient-specific cells for autologous transplantation. Whether such cells survive long-term, differentiate to functional neurons, and induce recovery in the stroke-injured brain is unclear. We have transplanted long-term self-renewing neuroepithelial-like stem (lt-NES) cells, generat

Parallel hardware has become readily available to the computational chemistry research community. This perspective will review the current state of parallel computational chemistry software utilizing high-performance parallel computing platforms. Hardware and software trends and their effect on quantum chemistry methodologies, algorithms, and software development will also be discussed.

This Letter presents measurements of the differential cross-sections for inclusive electron and muon production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 7 TeV, using data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The muon cross-section is measured as a function of p(T) in the range 4 < p(T) < 100 GeV and within pseudorapidity vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.5. In addi

We present a study based on four inland eolian locations in Eastern, Central and Southeastern Lithuania belonging to the northeastern part of the 'European Sand Belt' (ESB). Although there have been several previous studies of the ESB, this north-eastern extension has not been investigated before in any detail. The sedimentary structural-textural features are investigated and a chronology was deri