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The prevalence of obstructive lung diseases is increasing in Scandinavia and worldwide. The reasons for this are not known. The prevalence varies between countries but also between different areas within the same country. In northern Europe a north-south gradient and also an east-west gradient have been proposed. To our knowledge this is the first comprehensive epidemiological study concerning obs
This study examined the influence of affective personality, perfectionism, gender, arousal and dilemma content on moral reasoning. 264 participants were presented with moral dilemmas to which they had to provide a solution that reflected various degrees of justice and care. The results indicated that a) affective personality had an effect on moral reasoning, b) female participants reported higher
Measurements are presented of diffractive open charm production at HERA. The event topology is given by where the system X contains at least one charmed hadron and is well separated by a large rapidity gap from a leading low-mass proton remnant system Y. Two analysis techniques are used for the cross section measurements. In the first, the charm quark is tagged by the reconstruction of a D*±(2010)
This article deals with the concept of vicarious suffering in Is 53 and its relevance for present theological reflection and understanding of Christian belief. The issue is raised against the background of traditional critique of this concept, that is, its (bad) implications for both theology (e.g. F. Nietzsche) and anthropology (e.g. I. Kant). The article wants to contribute to this discourse by
In 19 consecutive patients with medial gonarthrosis, an arthroscopic examination with a biopsy of the load-bearing cartilage in the medial femoral condyle was undertaken at the same time as a proximal tibial osteotomy. A follow-up arthroscopic biopsy was performed on an average of 2 years after the osteotomy. In 9 knees there was an improvement in the cartilage quality, 8 knees were unchanged, whe
Heterozygosity-fitness correlations (HFCs) at noncoding genetic markers are commonly assumed to reflect fitness effects of heterozygosity at genomewide distributed genes in partially inbred populations. However, in populations with much linkage disequilibrium (LD), HFCs may arise also as a consequence of selection on fitness loci in the local chromosomal vicinity of the markers. Recent data sugges
Mainstream International Political Economy (IPE) and Historical Sociology share a number of concerns. This has not, however, resulted in a significant body of historical IPE literature. It is argued that Historical Sociology poses two challenges for IPE, and that these must be accommodated before the field can become historically sensitive. The first concerns the ontology of historical IPE. Wherea
Thylakoids from the green alga, Dunaliella salina, were fragmented by sonication and the appressed grasna membranes separated from stroma lamellae by partitioning in aqueous two-phase systems. The concentration and antenna size of Photosystem I in the two membrane domains were determined for cultures grown at three different light intensities. Although the antenna size of both PS is decreased with
Tetrakis(dimethyl sulfide)palladium(II) bis(tetrafluoroborate), [Pd(C(2)H(6)S)(4)](BF(4))(2), (I), and tetrakis(1,4-oxathiane-kappaS)palladium(II) bis(tetrafluoroborate), [Pd(C(4)H(8)OS)(4)](BF(4))(2), (II), both crystallize as mononuclear square-planar complexes with tetrafluoroborate as the counter-ions. The Pd atom accepts four S-donor atoms and is positioned at an inversion centre in both comp
This paper describes the implementation of a structure assessmentmethod in an industrial control system. The method uses available signals to evaluate if a given signal can be used for additional feed forward control action to improve the performance of a control loop.
The flux of ultrafiltration membranes may be severely reduced when treating low-molecular-weight hydrophobic solutes even though the cut-off of the membrane is orders of magnitudes greater than the size of the solute molecules. In this investigation, the flux reduction was correlated to the membrane pore size using octanoic acid as a model substance. As a comparison, the pore size was also determi
During the last few years, Swedish municipalities have become increasingly engaged in competition to attract in-migrants. An important element of these efforts has been the use of place- marketing campaigns and promotion. Very little is known, however, about these attempts in terms of the number of municipalities involved, economic efforts, ways of marketing, target groups, etc. Furthermore, and m
The immunodominant T-cell epitope that is involved in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is the glycosylated type II collagen (CII) peptide 256-270. In CII transgenic mice, which express the immunodominant CII 256-270 epitope in cartilage, the CII-specific T cells are characterized by a partially tolerant state with low proliferative activity in vitro, but with maintained effector functions, such as
Several studies have shown that alpha-ketoglutaric acid (AKG) increases serum levels of proline and has beneficial effects on skeletal development. We studied the effect of alpha-ketoglutaric (AKG) acid calcium salt (6 g AKG and 1,68 Ca/day) or calcium alone (1.68 Ca/day) on serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and osteocalcin (OC), as well as lumbar spine bone minera
In this paper we investigate, determine and classify the critical configurations for solving structure and motion problems for 1D retina vision. We give a complete categorization of all ambiguous configurations for a 1D (calibrated or uncalibrated) perspective camera irrespective of the number of points and views. It is well-known that the calibrated and uncalibrated case are linked through the ci
